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Cell Transport

TermDefinition
diffusion molecules go from high to low concentration, requires NO ENERGY
concentration gradient high concentration touching low concentration
in order for diffusion to occur across a cell membrane... - must be a concentration gradient - cell membrane must be permeable to whatever is crossing
selectively permeable chooses what can cross
what molecules can cross through the cell membrane H20, CO2, O2
dynamic equilibrium when diffusion stops-- equal amounts of substance on both sides of membrane
net movement overall movement
osmosis water going across semipermeable membrane
solvent typically water
solute dissolved substance in water
hypertonic solution higher concentration of solute, lower concentration of water. Cell would shrink, water would diffuse OUT of the cell.
hypotonic solution lower concentration of solute, higher concentration of water. Cell would grow, water would diffuse INto the cell.
isotonic solution equal amounts of solute and water, dynamic equilibrium, no net movement
high turgor pressure gained water through osmosis (how plants stand straight)-- makes a carrot hard and unbreakable
plasmolysis water leaves the cell, cell shrinks-- makes a carrot droopy and sad :(
contractile vacuole pumps water out of the cell to maintain osmotic pressure
facilitated diffusion membrane bound proteins help a substance pass through the bilayer, NO ENERGY
active transport moving substance AGAINST concentration gradient using ATP energy (low to high)
passive transport requires no energy-- substances simply move WITH concentration gradient (high to low)
endocytosis type of active transport-- surround and capture-- membrane surrounds substance and encloses it in vesicle. How amoebas eat.
exocytosis type or active transport-- materials exported out of the cell. Producing hormones
pinocytosis cell drinking-- form of endocytosis
phagocytosis cell eating-- form of endocytosis
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