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science yearly test
MY STUPID TEST STUDY CARDS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is the formula for photosynthesis | carbon dioxide+water=glucose+oxygen |
| xylem | carries water and dissolved minerals |
| WHAT IS THE LARGEST BONE IN THE HUMAN BODY | femur |
| What are the 4 types of joints | pivot, ball and hinge, and immovable. |
| What are the three blood vessels | Arteries Veins Capillaries |
| Capillaries | They carry substances like oxygen and nutrients into cells and remove wastes like carbon dioxide. |
| The Respiratory | responsible for taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide |
| Respiration human body formula | Glucose reacts with oxygen to release energy, carbon dioxide and water. |
| cortex | is the outer part of the kidney, |
| medulla | the inner part is called the medulla. |
| ureter | ureter is the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder. |
| What does the kidney do | Filtering the blood at a high pressure to remove glucose, water, salts and urea. |
| nephrons | re structures that filter the blood and form urine. |
| fibrous root | SPREAD OUT AND WIDE ROOT |
| tap root | long root |
| where does the most photosynthesis occur | in the leaves |
| which transport has a two way movement xylem or phloem | phloem |
| petal | Brightly colored to attract bugs and birds to help pollination. |
| stigma | the sticky pad pollen land on (female) |
| style | holds up the stigma |
| ovary | protects the ovules |
| OVULES | the female sex cells |
| carpel | the female parts of the flower |
| anther | produces pollen and contains the male sex cells |
| filament | supports the anther |
| stamen | The male parts |
| Sepal | protects the flower when it is a bud |
| receptacle | the thick part of the stem |
| petiole | the leafs steam |
| veins | bites spread across the leaf slowing transport of substances around the leaf |
| stipules | out growths at the base of the leaf |
| stomata | small pores on a leaf allowing gas exchanges |
| transpiration | the process of water movement through a plant |
| seed coat | a seeds outer covering |
| embryo in a seed | consisting of the young root and shoot which will develop into the adult plant |
| Photosynthesis | Photosynthesis is the process where a plant converts sunlight, water and carbon dioxide into sugars and oxygen. |
| Respiration formula | glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O (+ energy) |
| Respiration | s the movement of oxygen from the air, into the cells |
| ecosystem | community of organisms that interact with each other and with their environment. |
| Producer | Organisms that can make their own food. |
| Consumer | Organisms that rely on other organisms for their food. They feed on plants or other animals, using obtained energy for growth and living. |
| Carnivore | Animals that only eat meat from other animals. |
| Herbivore | Animals that only eat plants. |
| Omnivore | Animals that have a balanced diet including both animal meat and plant foods. |
| Decomposer | Organisms, like bacteria, that break down dead animals and plants. |
| Scavenger | Organism that feeds on dead organic matter. |
| Food Chains | A food chain shows how energy that is stored in one organism is passed on to another. |
| Food Webs | Most animals eat more than one source of food. To show the many different food links within an ecosystem |
| introduced species | An organism may be introduced into an ecosystem for a variety of reasons. Productive economic results Predatory against a pest species Aesthetic beauty Unintentionally |
| Water Cycle | The water cycle describes how water moves on, above or just below the surface of the Earth. |
| Joules | Energy is measured in Joules |
| Law of Conservation of Energy | The Law of Conservation of Energy tells us that the amount of energy in the universe is always the same, never lost and never created. |
| Energy Transformations | We can describe the changes in energy that occur in situations. |
| Potential Energy | Potential energy is stored energy that is able to be released |
| Gravitational potential energy | Gravitational potential energy is the force of gravity upon an object. It depends on mass and height above ground |
| gravitational potential energy we use the formula: | GPE = m x g x h |
| Kinetic energy | is the energy of motion. It depends on the mass of an object and the speed at which it is moving. KE = ½ x m x v2 |
| Sound Energy CAUSED BY | Sound is caused by back and forth movements called vibrations |
| Heat Energy | Heat is the transfer of kinetic energy from one substance to another or from a heat |
| is heat same as temperature | Heat is NOT the same as temperature, |
| When temperatures of the same substance are the identical, | a larger volume will have more heat energy than a smaller volume. |
| In liquids and gases, heat travels in ...... | In liquids and gases, heat travels via convection, |
| Chemical Energy | ll chemicals contain energy. It is locked in the bonds holding particles together. |
| exothermic | A reaction is called exothermic if it releases energy during a reaction. |
| is exothermic | if it absorbs energy to make the reaction occur, making the surroundings much colder. |
| Electrical energy | orm of potential energy caused by the movement of charged particles, mainly negative electrons. These create an electric field. |
| electric current | is the rate of flow of electric charge |
| Voltage | power supply is a measure of how much energy is available |
| series circuit. | When there is a single, complete loop within a circuit, |
| parallel circuit | when there are multiple paths for an electric charge to flow. |
| ammeter | a device that measures electric current. |
| voltmeter | much energy is transformed by components in a circuit. |
| force | is a push, a pull or a twist. |
| Contact forces: | These forces can occur when one object is touching another |
| Non-contact forces: | These can alter the shape or motion of an object without touching it. |
| Newtons (N), | after Sir Isaac Newton |
| Gravity | s the force of attraction between any two objects, |
| center of gravity | refers to a point where the weight of an object is |
| Mass | refers to the amount of matter that an object is made up of. It can be measured in grams. It does not change if you leave Earth. |
| Weight | is the measurement of the force of an object as a result of gravity. It can be measured in Newtons. |
| Friction | is a force that acts against the movement of an object. |
| . A positively charged object attracts negatively charged | A positively charged object attracts negatively charged |
| force | is a push, a pull or a twist. |
| contact force | These forces can occur when one object is touching another object and then applies a force upon it. |
| Non-contact forces: | These can alter the shape or motion of an object without touching it. |
| balanced | Balanced forces are equal in size and opposite in direction. The overall change is zero. |
| unbalanced | Unbalanced forces are not equal and there is a net change. |
| Gravity | is the force of attraction between any two objects, no matter how large or small they are |
| center of gravity | refers to a point where the weight of an object is evenly spread around it. This is where the gravitational force is at its greatest. |
| Mass | refers to the amount of matter that an object is made up of. It can be measured in grams. It does not change if you leave Earth. |
| weight | Weight is the measurement of the force of an object as a result of gravity. It can be measured in Newtons. |
| Friction | is a force that acts against the movement of an object. It occurs between any surfaces that are touching and trying to move past each other. |
| negatively charged. | When an object gains the negatively charged electrons, |
| positive charge | loss of the negatively charged electrons leads to an overall positive charge |
| electric field | electric force around a charged object, |
| Electric field lines point | Electric field lines point away from a positive charge and towards a negative charge |
| When mapping two opposing charges, | When mapping two opposing charges, arrows go away from positive and point the negative |
| static electricity. | energy from rubbing |
| magnets | Magnets can pull objects without actually touching them. This makes it a non-contact force. |
| Magnets are made of magnetic metals. There are only three metals | ron, Cobalt and Nickel. |
| opposite polls | attract |
| similar polls | repel |
| electromagnet | is made of a coil of wire wrapped around a piece of iron which turns into a magnet when electricity passes through the coil. |
| permanent magnets, | normal magnets they are always magnetic |
| atoms. | ll matter is made up of tiny particles called |
| Protons | are found in the nucleus. They have a positive charge and are much heavier than electrons. |
| Electrons | move around the nucleus. They have a negative charge and are much lighter than protons and neutrons. |
| Neutrons | are found in the nucleus and have no charge. |
| NUCLEUS ATOM | The middle of the atom has the nucleus. This is made up of the protons and neutrons held tightly together. |
| atomic number | the number on a element |
| No two elements are the same, and they can be distinguished by looking at things such as their: | Colour Hardness and brittleness Melting and boiling points Density State of matter Reactivity with acids or other substances |
| Elements | a pure substance |
| Compounds | Compounds occur when an atom or atoms of one element are joined to an atom or atoms of a different element or group of elements. |
| Mixtures | Mixtures are usually easily separated into their components |
| ionic compound. | When a compound is made up of a metal and a non-metal, it is called an |
| covalent compound, | When a compound is two or more non-metal atoms, it is a |
| valence shell. | The outermost shell of an atom |
| ions. | The valence shell is “unstable” unless it contains 8 electrons. An atom may gain or lose electrons to achieve this. |
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