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Ch 34-39
Maternity and Pediatric
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| anticipatory grief | preparatory grieving that often helps caregivers mourn the loss of their child when death actually comes |
| hospice | provides comforting and supportive care to terminally ill patients and their families. There are few hospice programs for children in the United States |
| thanatologist | person, sometimes a nurse, trained especially to work with the dying and their families |
| unfinished business | completing matters that will help ease the death of a loved one: saying the unsaid, doing acts of love and caring, recognizing time is limited and filling that time with the important issues that need to be taken care of |
| amblyopia | dimness of vision from disuse of the eye -sometimes called lazy eye |
| astigmatism | error in light refraction on the retina caused by unequal curvature in the eye's cornea -light rays bend in different directions to produce a blurred image |
| ataxia | lack of coordination caused by disturbances in the kinesthetic and balance senses |
| aura | a sensation that signals an impending epileptic attack -may be visual, aromatic, or other sensation |
| binocular vision | normal vision maintained through the muscular coordination of eye movements of both eyes. A single vision results |
| cataract | development of opacity in the crystalline lens that prevents light rays from entering the eye |
| clonus | rapid involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation |
| conjunctivitis | acute inflammation of the conjunctiva that may be caused by a virus, bacteria, allergy, or foreign body |
| diplopia | double vision |
| dysarthria | poor speech articulation |
| esotropia | eye deviation toward the other eye |
| exotropia | eye deviation away from the other eye |
| febrile seizures | seizure occurring in infants and young children commonly associated with a fever of 102-106 |
| goniotomy | surgical opening into Schlemm canal that allows drainage of aqueous humor -performed to relieve intraocular pressure in glaucoma |
| hordeolum | purulent infection of the follicle of an eyelash, generally caused by staphylococcus aureus. Localized swelling, tenderness, and pain are present with reddened lid edge (stye) |
| hyperopia | refractive condition in which the person can see objects better at a distance (farsightedness) |
| lacrimation | secretion of tears |
| myopia | ability to see objects clearly at close range but not at a distance (nearsightedness) |
| myringotomy | incision of the eardrum performed to establish drainage and to insert tiny tubes into the tympanic membrane to facilitate drainage of serous or purulent fluid in the middle ear |
| nuchal rigidity | stiff neck |
| opisthotonos | arching of the back so that the head and the heels are bent backward and the body is forward |
| orthoptics | therapeutic exercises to improve the quality of vision |
| partial seizures | a type of seizure with manifestations that vary depending on the area of the brain where they arise |
| photophobia | intolerance to light |
| purpuric rash | rash consisting of ecchymoses (bruises) and petechiae caused by bleeding under the skin |
| refraction | the way light rays bend as they pass through the lens of the eye to the retina |
| strabismus | failure of the two eyes to direct their gaze at the same object, simultaneously -squint, cross-eyed |
| achylia | absence of pancreatic enzymes in gastric secretions |
| adenoids | mass of lymphoid tissue in the nasal pharynx -extends from the roof of the nasal pharynx to the free edge of the soft palate |
| circumoral pallor | a white area around the mouth |
| coryza | runny nose |
| croup | general term that typically includes symptoms of a barking cough, hoarseness, and inspiratory stridor |
| dysphagia | difficulty swallowing |
| emetic | agent that causes vomiting |
| hypochylia | diminished flow of pancreatic enzymes |
| metered-dose inhaler | handheld plastic device that delivers a pre-measured dose of medication |
| nebulizer | tube attached to a wall unit or cylinder that delivers moist air via a face mask |
| stridor | shrill, harsh respiratory sound, usually on inspiration |
| tonsils | two oval masses attached to the side walls of the back of the mouth between the anterior and posterior pillars |
| wheezing | sound of expired air being pushed through obstructed bronchioles |
| adenopathy | enlarged lymph glands |
| alopecia | loss of hair |
| arthralgia | painful joints |
| bradycardia | decreased pulse rate |
| carditis | inflammation of the heart |
| chorea | continuous, rapid, jerky involuntary movements |
| congestive heart failure (CHF) | result of impaired pumping capability of heart. May appear first year of life in infants with conditions such as large ventricular septal defects, coarctation of the aorta, and other defects that place an increased workload on the ventricles |
| digitalization | the use of large doses of digoxin, at the beginning of therapy, to buildup the blood levels of the drug to a therapeutic level |
| granulocytes | type of white blood cell -divided into eosinophils, basophils, and neutrophils |
| hemarthrosis | bleeding into the joints |
| hirsutism | abnormal body and facial hair growth |
| intrathecal administration | injection into the cerebrospinal fluid by lumbar puncture |
| leukemia | uncontrolled reproduction of deformed white blood cells |
| lymphoblast | lymphocyte that has been changed by antigenic stimulation to a structurally immature lymphocyte |
| lymphocytes | single-nucleus, nonphagocytic leukocytes that are instrumental in the body's immune response |
| monocytes | 5-10% of white blood cells that defend the body against infection |
| petechiae | a small hemorrhage appearing as a non-raised, purplish-red spot of the skin, nail beds, or mucous membranes |
| polyarthritis | inflammation of several joints |
| purpura | hemorrhages into the skin or mucous membranes |
| anthelmintic | medication that expels intestinal worms -vermifuge |
| chelating agent | agent that binds with metal |
| celiac syndrome | term used to designate the complexity complex of malabsorptive disorders |
| colic | recurrent paroxysmal bouts of abdominal pain that are fairly common among young infants and that usually disappear around the age of 3 months |
| craniotabes | softening of the occipital bones caused by a reduction of mineralization of the skull |
| currant jelly stools | stools that consist of blood and mucus |
| diabetic ketoacidosis | characterized by drowsiness, dry skin, flushed cheeks, cherry-red lips, and acetone breath with a fruity smell as a result of excessive ketones in the blood in uncontrolled diabetes |
| encephalopathy | degenerative disease of the brain |
| gastroenteritis | infectious diarrhea caused by infectious organisms, including salmonella, Escherichia coli, dysentery bacilli, and various viruses, most notably rotaviruses |
| insulin reaction | excessively low blood sugar caused by insulin overload. results in too-rapid metabolism of the body's glucose -insulin shock, hypoglycemia |
| invagination | telescoping, infolding of one part of a structure into another |
| Kussmaul breathing | abnormal increase in the depth and rate of the respiratory movements |
| kwashiorkor | syndrome occurring in infants/young children soon after weaning, results from severe deficiency of protein. Symptoms include swollen abdomen, retarded growth with muscle wasting, edema, GI changes, thin dry hair with alopecia, apathy, irritability |
| lactose | a sugar found in milk that, when hydrolyzed, yields glucose and galactose |
| lactose intolerance | inability to digest lactose because of an inborn deficiency of the enzyme lactase |
| marasmus | deficiency in calories as well as protein. the child suffers growth retardation and wasting of subcutaneous fat and muscle |
| pica | compulsive eating of nonfood substances |
| polydipsia | abnormal thirst |
| polyphagia | increased food consumption |
| polyuria | dramatic increase in urinary output, often with enuresis |
| pruritus | itching |
| steatorrhea | fatty stools |
| urticaria | hives |
| amenorrhea | absence of menstruation |
| ascites | edema in the peritoneal cavity |
| dysmenorrhea | painful menstruation |
| enuresis | involuntary urination, especially at night -bed-wetting beyond the usual age of control |
| hyperlipidemia | increase in the level of cholesterol in the blood |
| intercurrent infections | infection that occurs during the course of an already existing disease |
| leukopenia | leukocyte count less than 5,000mm |
| menarche | beginning of menstruation |
| mittelschmerz | pain experienced mid cycle in the menstrual cycle at the time of ovulation |
| oliguria | decreased production of urine, especially in relation to fluid intake |
| orchiopexy | surgical procedure used to bring an undescended testis down into the scrotum and anchor it there |
| premenstrual syndrome (PMS) | symptoms occurring before menstruation, including edema resulting in weight gain, headache, increased anxiety, mild depression, or mood swings |
| pyelonephritis | infection of the kidneys |
| striae | stretch marks |
| vaginitis | inflammation of the vagina |
Created by:
ahoyyitbeaddi
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