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Sookdeo ES Ch. 4
Population Ecology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ecology | study of how organisms interact with one another and with the environment |
| species | organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce offsprings |
| population | a group of individuals of the same species that live in the same place |
| community | different species or population that live together in a habitat |
| ecosystem | community of organisms that live together in their nonliving environment |
| biosphere | the Earth and all of its organisms and environments |
| biotic factor | living part of the environment |
| abiotic factor | non-living part of the environment (ex.water,soil) |
| habitat | the specific environment in which an organism lives |
| resource | anything an organism needs such as nutrition, shelter and mates |
| population size | the number of individual organisms present in a population at a given time |
| population density | number of individuals per unit area |
| population distribution | describes the way individuals are spaced out across their range |
| age structure | the relative number of organisms of each age within a population; also called age distribution |
| age structure diagram | a chart that shows the age distribution of a population; also called age pyramid |
| sex ratio | the proportion of males to females in a population |
| survivorship curve | a graph showing the likelihood of survival within a group or population by age |
| immigration | movement of individuals into an area occupied by an existing population |
| emigration | movement of individuals out of an area |
| migration | the seasonal movement of organisms into and out of an area |
| exponential growth | growth pattern in which the individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate |
| limiting factor | factor that causes population growth to decrease |
| carrying capacity | largest number of individuals of a particular species that a particular environment can support |
| logistic growth | growth pattern in which a population’s growth slows and then stops following a period of exponential growth |
| density dependent factor | limiting factor that depends on population density |
| density independent factor | limiting factor that affects all populations in similar ways, regardless of the population density |
| biotic potential | the growth rate of a population under ideal conditions |
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dsookdeo
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