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Sookdeo ES Ch. 4

Population Ecology

QuestionAnswer
ecology study of how organisms interact with one another and with the environment
species organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce offsprings
population a group of individuals of the same species that live in the same place
community different species or population that live together in a habitat
ecosystem community of organisms that live together in their nonliving environment
biosphere the Earth and all of its organisms and environments
biotic factor living part of the environment
abiotic factor non-living part of the environment (ex.water,soil)
habitat the specific environment in which an organism lives
resource anything an organism needs such as nutrition, shelter and mates
population size the number of individual organisms present in a population at a given time
population density number of individuals per unit area
population distribution describes the way individuals are spaced out across their range
age structure the relative number of organisms of each age within a population; also called age distribution
age structure diagram a chart that shows the age distribution of a population; also called age pyramid
sex ratio the proportion of males to females in a population
survivorship curve a graph showing the likelihood of survival within a group or population by age
immigration movement of individuals into an area occupied by an existing population
emigration movement of individuals out of an area
migration the seasonal movement of organisms into and out of an area
exponential growth growth pattern in which the individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate
limiting factor factor that causes population growth to decrease
carrying capacity largest number of individuals of a particular species that a particular environment can support
logistic growth growth pattern in which a population’s growth slows and then stops following a period of exponential growth
density dependent factor limiting factor that depends on population density
density independent factor limiting factor that affects all populations in similar ways, regardless of the population density
biotic potential the growth rate of a population under ideal conditions
Created by: dsookdeo
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