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Science Quiz
the rest of chapter 3 (1st semester, 9th grade)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How do cells take in nutrients and get rid of waste? | the semipermeable membrane allows some things to pass through and prevents others |
| What are the 2 ways that materials pass through the membrane? | passive transport and active transport |
| Does passive transport need ATP? | no |
| Does active transport need ATP? | yes |
| What is simple diffusion? | random movement of molecules from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration |
| What is facilitated diffusion? | uses a concentration but also requires the use of carrier proteins |
| What is osmosis? | diffusion of water across the semipermeable membrane |
| Why does the water move from solutions with higher water concentration? | to make the higher solute equal parts water |
| What does a higher concentration of a solute mean? | there is a lower water concentration (that is why the water moves into areas with a higher solute concentration) |
| What are the three ways that cells react to osmosis effects? | 1) hypertonic 2) Isotonic 3) Hypotonic |
| What are hypertonic cells? | shriveled cells |
| Why are hypertonic cells the way they are? | fluid outside the cell has a higher concentration of solutes so water diffuses out of the cells |
| What are isotonic cells? | healthy cells |
| Why are isotonic cells the way they are? | the concentration outside and inside of the cells are equal parts water and equal parts solute |
| What are hypotonic cells? | they are cells that have burst because of too much water in the cell |
| Why are hypotonic cells the way they are? | the concentration of solute inside the cell if higher than the concentration of solutes outside of the cell |
| What are IVs? | isotonic solutions that maintain balance in/out of cell |
| What is active transport? | cell uses energy to transport objects in and out of the membrane |
| What is ATP? | type of energy |
| What does ATP do? | unlocks carrier carrier proteins to allow molecules in and out |
| What are the 2 types of bulk movement? | 1) exocytosis 2) endocytosis |
| What is exocytosis? | the golgi apparatus packages waste and cell products in sacs called golgi vesicles |
| What do the vesicles do? | fuse to the membrane and secrete materials |
| What is endocytosis? | membrane surrounds desirable molecules that are outside the cell |
| What does the membrane do? | creates a vesicle and moves it into the cell |
| What does the vesicle do when it moves into the cell? | either send contents to organelles or releases it into the cytoplasm |
| What are the 2 forms of endocytosis? | 1) pinocytosis 2) phagocytosis |
| What is pinocytosis? | cell drinking |
| What is phagocytosis? | cell eating |
Created by:
9th grade 1st sem
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