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LAYERS OF THE EARTH
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Crust characteristics | The outer layer of the Earth Similar to the skin on an apple (thinnest layer) Made up of both continental (land)and oceanic crust(under the ocean) 5-50 km thick |
what are 2 different types of crust | Oceanic and Continental |
what is the characteristics of the oceanic crust | A thin layer of crust that overlies the ocean basins |
what is the characteristics of the oceanic crust | More dense than continental crust |
what is the characteristics of the oceanic crust | Mostly basalt rock |
what is the characteristics of the oceanic crust | Thinner that continental crust. (5-10km) |
what is the characteristics of the oceanic crust | Younger (newer) than continental crust |
what are the characteristics of the continental crust | Layer of rock which forms the continents |
what are the characteristics of the continental crust | Less dense than oceanic crust |
what are the characteristics of the continental crust | Mostly granite |
what are the characteristics of the continental crust | Thicker that oceanic crust |
what are the characteristics of the continental crust | Older than oceanic crust |
Mantle | Largest layer of the Earth |
Mantle | Composed of silicate rocks rich in magnesium and iron |
Mantle | Under the crust about 2,890km |
Mantle | Average temperature 3000 degrees Fahrenheit |
Mantle | Intense heat causes the rocks to rise and then cool and sink. |
Mantle | The process is called convection, which causes the crust to move. |
what are the 3 layers of the mantle? | lithosphere, Asthenosphere, and the mantle |
what are characteristics of the Asthenosphere | Solid part of the upper mantle |
what are characteristics of the Asthenosphere | Weaker, less rigid (plasticity - like silly putty) |
what are characteristics of the Asthenosphere | Crust moves over the plastic-like asthenosphere |
what are characteristics of the Asthenosphere | These plates crash into each other. |
what are characteristics of the Asthenosphere | Here the oceanic crust is subducting under the continental crust which creates volcanoes. |
what are characteristics of the lithosphere | Solid outer section of the Earth, which includes the crust (rocky layer) |
what are characteristics of the lithosphere | Also, includes the cool, dense, rigid upper part of the mantle |