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Biology Q.1 Review

What are the 8 characteristics of life? Cell, reproduce, DNA, grow/develop, energy, respond, homeostasis, and evolve.
Heterotrophs Gets energy through consuming others
Autotrophs Makes its own food
Homeostasis An internal balance within an organism
What are the steps of the scientific method? (in order) Observation, hypothesis, experiment, data collection, conclusion, and retest
Controlled Variable The variable that isn't changed and is left as it would be seen in nature
Independent Variable The variable that is changed in an experiment
Dependent Variable The variable measured in an experiment
Aristotle Created the theory of spontaneous generation, which is the theory that states living organisms come fro non-living matter
Redi Disproved spontaneous generation for organisms that can be seen without a microscope
Pasteur Created the s-shaped microscope to help disprove spontaneous generation
Needham Did experiments on microorganisms growing in broth. However, he didn’t boil the broth long enough to kill the organisms in the broth.
Spallanzani Did Needham’s experiment except he boiled the broth long enough to kill off any living organisms that may have been in it.
Schleidin Discovered all plants have and are made up of cells
Schwann Discovered all animals have and are made up of cells
Hooke Was the first one to view cells. Named them cells after prison cells.
Leewenhoek Viewed living organisms in pond water and discovered animalcules, now known as microbes.
The three parts of the cell theory include... 1.)All cells come from pre-existing cells 2.)All living organisms are made up of cells 3.)Cells are the basic structure and function of life
The 3 things plant cells have that animal cells don't have include... Cell wall, a large vacuole, and chloroplast
Which organelle is the factory in the cell? Golgi Body
Which organelle converts glucose to a usable form of energy known as ATP? Mitochondria
Which organelle is the brain of the cell because it contains DNA or chromosomes? Nucleus
What organelles are responsible for digesting old worn-out cell parts, etc.? Lysosomes
An organism that contains more than one cell is known as? Multicellular
An organism that only has one cell is known as? Unicellular
Give 3 examples of a multi cellular example. Animals, plants, or fungi
What is the only example of a unicellular organism? Bacteria
What's the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic? Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles while prokaryotic cells do not.
What are the levels of organization (cell to biosphere)? Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, communities, and biosphere.
What are the two types of transports? Explain them. Passive- requires energy Active- requires no energy
What is diffusion From high to low concentration.
What is osmosis? Diffusion of water
What do hypertonic cells do? Shrink
What do hypotonic cells do? Grow/Expand
What do isotonic cells do? Remain the same
What are the 3 main phases of the cell? What are their parts? 1.) Interphase- has G1, S, and G2. 2.)Mitosis- has prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. 3.)Cytokynesis
When do chromosomes (DNA) duplicate? S phase
What is prophase? When a cell is preparing for duplication. Chromosomes become more clear and the nucleus is becoming less visible.
What is metaphase? When the chromosomes meet in the middle. Spindle fibers are what they move along.
What is anaphase? When the chromosomes begin to move apart.
What is telophase? When the cell begins to divide. Cleavage furrow is visible in animal cells.
What's the formula for cellular respiration? Oxygen and water = carbon dioxide and glucose
What's the formula for photosynthesis? Carbon dioxide and glucose = oxygen and water
Created by: OliviaRoark
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