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Practice of Science
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Science | An organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world. |
| Scientific Method | Series of steps scientists take to prove or disprove a testable prediction in nature. Observation, Question, Hypothesis, Experiment/Observational Study, Data Collection and Analysis, Conclusion |
| scientific theory | an explanation of the natural world that has been repeatedly tested and verified through observations and investigations- "why" it happens |
| scientific law | a detailed description of something observed in nature repeatedly tested and verified through observations and investigations- "what is happeninng" |
| independent variable | The experimental factor that is tested; the variable whose effect is being studied. |
| dependent variable | The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable |
| control group | In an experiment, the group that is not exposed to the treatment; contrasts with the experimental group and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment. |
| qualitative data | Information describing color, odor, shape, or some other physical characteristic |
| quantitative data | countable, measurable (think "quantity"- how many, how much) |
| observation | Information obtained through the 5 senses. |
| experiment | a scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact. |
| hypothesis | A testable prediction, often implied by a theory |
| conclusion | the final steps of the scientific method that involves data analysis and reflecting on the results of the experiment and whether or not the hypothesis was correct or not and then submitting it for peer review |
| repetition | repeating an experiment or investigation exactly the same several times to assure the most accurate results. |
| replication | repeating a research study, usually with different participants in different situations, to see whether the original finding extends to other participants and circumstances |
| scientific principles | guiding ideas that scientists use to make predictions and develop new information about the natural world- beliefs about science being fact based not opinion based, the importance of multiple trials, precision in execution of the experimental data, etc |
| empirical evidence | information acquired by observation or experimentation. Scientists record and analyze this data. |
| model | a physical and/or mathematical and/or conceptual representation of a system of ideas, events or processes. |
| graph | a diagram showing the relation between variable quantities, typically of two variables, each measured along one of a pair of axes |
| x axis | the horizontal plane of a graph that represents the independent variable (experimental factor) |
| y axis | the vertical plane of a graph that represents the dependent variable (outcome factor) |
| pseudoscience | a collection of beliefs or practices mistakenly regarded as being based on scientific method. |
| investigation | a formal inquiry or systematic study. |
Created by:
KellyKirvin
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