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Science- semester 1
8th Grade
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is heat? | The energy produced by the movement of molecules |
| What are three ways heat is transferred? | 1. conduction 2. convection 3. radiation |
| Describe heat transfer through conduction. | the transfer of heat within a solid |
| Describe heat transfer through convection. | the transfer of heat within a liquid of gas. |
| Describe heat transfer through radiation. | Heat waves from the sun. |
| How is heat measured? | By the tempurature |
| What are the three scales for measuring tempurature? | 1. farenheit 2. celcius 3. kelvin |
| What causes sound? | vibration |
| What is the study of sound called? | Acoustics |
| Sound Waves are dependant on.... | molecules |
| What are the parts of a sound wave? | crest, trough, baseline, amplitude and wave length |
| what is a crest? | the crest is how high up it goes |
| What is the trough? | the trough is how low it goes |
| what is Amplitude? | the difference between the baseline and the crest or trough |
| what is the baseline | silence |
| what is the wave length? | the length between the waves. |
| We hear frequency as........ | pitch |
| We hear amplitude as.......... | volume |
| Frequency is measured in.... | Hertz |
| A sensitive human ear can hear which frequencies? | highest- 20,000 Hertz lowest- 20 Hertz |
| volume is measured in..... | decibels |
| what do we hear the crest and trough as? | volume |
| what so we hear the wavelength as? | the note, frequency |
| Light travels through _________ _ and ________ | a vacuum and molecules |
| Most sources of light appear as... | white light |
| visible light can be remembered as....v | ROY G. BIV |
| Objects can _________, __________, or ___________ light | reflect, absorb, transm it |
| Objects can get their color by | Reflecting light |
| In what order does the electromagnetic spectrum go? | 1. radio waves 2. micro waves 3 infared 4. visible light 5. ultra violet 6. x-rays 7. Gama rays 8. Cosmic rays |
| the clear, dome shaped tissue covering the front of the eye | Cornea |
| a patch of dense hair located above the eye | eyebrow |
| one of the many hairs on the edge of the eyelid | eyelash |
| the flap of skin tat can cover and protect the eye | eyelid |
| the colored part of the eye- controls the amout of light that enters the eye | iris |
| a crystalline structure located behind the iris and focuses light on the retina | Lens |
| the nerve that transmits electrical impulses from the retina to the brain | Optic Nerve |
| the opening in the center of the iris, changes size | pupil |
| sensory tissue that lines the back of the eye contains rods and cones that convert light rays into electrical impulses | Retina |
| a thick liquid that fills the center of the eye | Vitreous |
| anvil | Tiny bone that passes vibrations from the hammer to the stirrup |
| cochlea | spiral shaped, filled with fluid. lined with cilia (tiny hairs)that move when vibrated |
| eardrum | (also called the tympanic membran) a thin membrane that vibrates when sound waves reach it |
| Eustachian tube | a tube that connects the middle ear to the back of the nose |
| Hammer | also called malleus- a tiny bone that passed vibrations from the eardrum to the anvil |
| Nerves | carry electro chemical signals from the inner ear (the cochlea) to the brain |
| outer ear canal | the tube through which sound travels to the eardrum |
| pinna | (auricle) the visible part of the outer ear.\ |
| Semicircular canals | the loops atached to the cochlea |
| stirrup | (stapes) tiny u shaped bone- connected to cochlea, smallest bone in body |
| outer ear | from pinna to eardrum |
| middle ear | includes tiny bones |
| inner ear | cochlea and auditory nerves |
| sound steps | 1. pinna 2. outer ear canal 3. eardrum 4. Hammer 5. Anvil 6. Stirrup 7. semicircular canals 8. cochlea 9. nerves |
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