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Earth's Processes
Study for Earth's layers, convection currents and boundaries
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the 6 layers of the Earth? (name from outside in) | Crust, Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mantle, Outer core, Inner core |
| What are the 2 parts of the Crust? | continental (thickest part/least dense) and oceanic (thinnest part/more dense) |
| What is the crust made of? | solid rock |
| What is the mantle made of? | hot, soft rock/plastic-like. thickest part of the Earth |
| What is the outer core made of? | liquid iron and creates Earth's magnetic field |
| what is the inner core made of? | solid iron |
| What happens as we go deeper into the Earth? | the pressure increases, density increases, temperature increases |
| What is Pangea? | one large landmass/an ancient supercontinent |
| The theory of Plate tectonics states. . . . . . | that the plates moved slowly into their current positions |
| What drives the plates? | convection currents in the mantle |
| describe convection currents. . . . | when the hot rises and cool sinks (think of the lava lamp) |
| where does the heat come from in the Earth? | the inner core |
| What is a convergent boundary? | where 2 plates are moving together. . . .colliding. . . .DESTROYING crust |
| What happens at convergent boundary with subduction? | the oceanic plate sub-ducts under the continental plate.. . . crust is DESTROYED. . . .as it melts away, heat rises and creates a volcano. |
| What happens at convergent boundary mountain building? | 2 continental plates collide/squish together to form mountains. |
| What is the "ring of fire"? | a ring of convergent boundaries (with subduction) that created a ring of volcanoes around the Pacific Ocean |
| What happens at a divergent boundary? | 2 plates are moving apart and NEW crust is CREATED when magma rises and turns to NEW ocean floor. |
| What does a divergent boundary create? | sea-floor spreading. . .mid- ocean ridge. . . rift valley |
| What happens at a transform boundary? | 2 plates are sliding past each other, causing earthquakes, crust is neither created or destroyed |
| Label the volcano. . . how many parts? | 4 important parts to remember: chamber, magma, lava, vent |
| what is the magma chamber? | pocket of magma below a volcano |
| what is the magma? | molten rock INSIDE the volcano |
| what is lava? | molten rock OUTSIDE the volcano |
| what is the vent? | opening in the Earth at the volcano (the top of the volcano) |
| What is the "ring of fire"? | an area of subduction zones found in the Pacific ocean, which holds most of the world's volcanic activity |
| what is a "hotspot"? | places in the mantle that are extremely hot and melt the tectonic plate above. |
| Where does a "hotspot" occur? | anywhere. . . it does NOT happen at a plate boundary. Example is Hawaii |
Created by:
lvanbuskirk
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