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Meiosis I

TermDefinition
Fertilization The fusion of a sperm and egg to form a zygote
Zygote A fertilized egg.
Spermatogenesis Meiosis in males that produces Sperm cell or spermatozoon (pl. = spermatozoa)
Oogenesis Meiosis in females that produces Egg cell or Ovum (pl. = ova)
Testis Male gonad where spermatogenesis occurs.
Ovaries Female gonads where oogenesis occurs.
Somatic cells “body” cells and contain the normal number of chromosomes .
Gametes “sex” cells and contain only ½ the normal number of chromosomes
Diploid Two sets of chromosomes (2n), in humans 23 pairs or 46 total.
Haploid One set of chromosomes (n) - gametes or sex cells, in humans 23 chromosomes
Homologous chromosomes- Pair of chromosomes (maternal and paternal) that are similar in shape and size.
Tetrads Homologous pair consists of 4 chromatids
Locus Position of a gene in a homologous chromosomes
Homolog One chromosome from the pairing of homologous chromosomes
Karyogram An organized picture of the chromosomes of a human arranged in pairs by size from largest to smallest.
Karyotyping A method of organizing the chromosomes of a cell in relation to number, size, and type.
Sex chromosomes Chromosome code for the sex of the offspring number 23rd in the karyogram.
XX Female sex chromosomes
XY Male sex chromosomes
Autosomes Chromosome code for most of the offspring’s traits number 1-22 in karyogram.
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