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Ch 20 G.H. Biology
Guest Hollow Biology Chapter 20 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| alveoli (singular, alveolus) | tiny sacs at the ends of bronchioles in the lungs where pulmonary gas exchange takes place |
| arboreal | of or pertaining to trees, as in arboreal, or tree-living, mammal |
| cerebrum | largest part of the brain that controls conscious functions such as reasoning and sight |
| lactation | production of milk for an offspring by mammary glands, which occurs in all female mammals after giving birth or laying eggs |
| mammal | endothermic, tetrapod vertebrate that lays amniotic eggs and has mammary glands (in females) and hair or fur |
| mammary gland | gland in female mammals that produces milk for offspring |
| neocortex | layer of nerve cells covering the cerebrum of the mammalian brain that plays an important role in many complex brain functions |
| marsupial | therian mammal in which the embryo is born at an early, immature stage and completes its development outside the mother’s body in a pouch on her belly |
| monotreme | type of mammal that reproduces by laying eggs |
| placenta | temporary organ that consists of a large mass of maternal and fetal blood vessels through the mother’s and fetus’s blood exchange substances |
| placental mammal | therian mammal in which a placenta develops during pregnancy to sustain the fetus while it develops inside the mother’s uterus |
| therian mammal | viviparous mammal that may be either a marsupial or placental mammal |
| uterus (plural, uteri) | female reproductive organ in therian mammals where an embryo or fetus grows and develops until birth |
| vagina | female reproductive organ that receives sperm during sexual intercourse and provides a passageway for a baby to leave the mother’s body during birth |
| aggression | behavior that is intended to cause harm or pain |
| animal behavior | any way that animals interact with each other or the environment |
| circadian rhythm | regular change in biology or behavior that occurs in a 24-hour cycle |
| cooperation | type of animal behavior in which social animals live and work together for the good of the group |
| ethology | branch of biology that studies animal behavior |
| innate behavior | behavior closely controlled by genes that occurs naturally, without learning or practice, in all members of a species whenever they are exposed to a certain stimulus, also called instinctive behavior |
| instinct | ability of an animal to perform a behavior the first time it is exposed to the proper stimulus |
| learning | change in behavior that occurs as a result of experience |
| nature-nurture debate | debate over the extent to which genes (nature) or experiences in a given environment (nurture) control traits such as animal behaviors |
| reflex | rapid motor response to a sensory stimulus in which nerve impulses travel in an arc that includes the spinal cord but not the brain |
| social animal | animal that lives in a society |
| society | close-knit group of animals of the same species that live and work together |
| stimulus | something that triggers a behavior |
Created by:
khirschy
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