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Ch 13 G.H. Biology

Guest Hollow Biology Chapter 13 vocab

TermDefinition
antibiotic drug drug that kills bacteria and cures bacterial infections and diseases
antibiotic resistance ability to withstand antibiotic drugs that has evolved in some bacteria
Archaea one of two prokaryote domains that includes organisms that live in extreme environments
Bacteria domain of prokaryotes, some of which cause human diseases
biofilm colony of prokaryotes that is stuck to a surface such as a rock or a host’s tissue
cyanobacteria Gram-positive blue-green photosynthetic bacteria
endospore spores that form inside prokaryotic cells when they are under stress, enclosing the DNA and helping it survive conditions that may kill the cell
extremophile any type of Archaea that lives in an extreme environment, such as a very salty, hot, or acidic environment
flagella long, thin protein extensions of the plasma membrane in most prokaryotic cells that help the cells move
genetic transfer method of increasing genetic variation in prokaryotes that involves cells “grabbing” stray pieces of DNA from their environment or exchanging DNA directly with other cells
Gram-negative bacteria type of bacteria that stain red with Gram stain and have a thin cell wall with an outer membrane
Gram-positive bacteria type of bacteria that stain purple with Gram stain and have a thick cell wall without an outer membrane
plasmid small, circular piece of DNA in a prokaryotic cell
vector organism such as an insect that spreads pathogens from host to host
capsid protein coat that surrounds the DNA or RNA of a virus particle
latency period of dormancy of a virus inside a living body that may last for many years
vaccine substance containing modified pathogens that does not cause disease but provokes an immune response and results in immunity to the pathogen
virion individual virus particle that consists of nucleic acid within a protein capsid
Created by: khirschy
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