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DNA & Pro Syn

Introductory understanding of how DNA becomes a protein

TermDefinition
DNA Double helix-- Genetic material
James Watson/Francis Crick/Rosalind Franklin Discovered the double helix structure of DNA
Adenine Nitrogen base A-- pairs with T
Thymine Nitrogen base T-- pairs with A
Guanine Nitrogen base G-- pairs with C
Cytosine Nitrogen base C-- pairs with G
DNA Replication Process that every cell uses to create an identical copy of the double helix DNA
Anti-parallel The two strands that make up our DNA run this way
Helicase The protein responsible for splitting the double helix
Uracil Nitrogen base in RNA-- pairs with A
mRNA The messenger RNA-- actually transports the DNA message from the nucleus
tRNA The transfer RNA-- transfers the amino acids to the mRNA for translation
rRNA The ribosomal RNA-- makes up 2/3 of the ribosome within the cell that is responsible for making proteins
Transcription DNA --> RNA
Translation mRNA + tRNA creating chains of amino acids
Amino Acid Building block of protein
Polypeptide A chain of amino acids that eventually form the protein
RNA splicing Shortening the mRNA strand to only contain the coding portions of the original DNA message
Codon Three consecutive nitrogen bases -- Ex. AUG
Anti-codon Three consecutive nitrogen bases that pair with the codon-- Ex. UAC
Nucleotide Monomer of DNA (building block)
Exon Portions of the mRNA strand that are EXPRESSED
Intron Portions of the mRNA strand that are IN THE WAY
Spliceosome Enzyme responsible for splicing RNA
Created by: zelonkaj
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