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Biomolecules

TermDefinition
1. Atom Smallest unit of life.
2. Element Atoms of all the same size and number of protons
3. Molecule 2 or more atoms of different elements bonded together.
4. Compound 2 or more atoms covalently bonded together
5. Atomic number Number of p+
6. Mass number The sum of the p+ and n0
7. Atomic weight Relative atomic mass
8. valence electron The electrons in the outermost energy level
9. Electron Negative charged
10. Proton Positive charged
11. Neutron No charge
12. Isotope Two or more forms of the same element that have an equal amount of protons but an unequal amount of neutrons
13. Radioisotope A radioactive isotope.
14. Electron configuration The distribution of electrons in an atom or molecule in atomic or molecule orbitals.
15. Bond There are covalent bonds and ionic bonds
16. Polar bond Electronegativity is between 0.5 and 2.0.
17. Nonpolar bond Electronegativity is less than 0.5.
18. Hydrogen bond Formed between a highly electronegative atom of a polar molecule and a hydrogen atom.
19. Solvent Substance that dissolves solute.
20. Solution Mixture that forms when a substance is dissolved by another one.
21. Solute Substance that's dissolveable.
22. Hydrophobic Substance that has an affinity for water, "loves" water and dissolves easily in water.
23. Hydrophilic Substance that doesn't have an affinity for water, is "scared" of water and doesn't dissolve in water.
24. Amino acid Monomers of Proteins.
25. Nucleotide Monomers of Nucleic Acids.
26. Peptide bond A covalent bond of Amino Acids.
27. Lipid Fatty acid molecules consisting of two distinct regions: A long hydrophobic chain and a hydrophilic head
28. Saturated fat Lipid that is bad for you; has no double bonds; contains lots of hydrogen.
29. Saccaride Monomer of carbohydrates, which is simply sugar.
30. Specific heat (water) The amount of heat needed to increase or decrease the temperature of a substance by 1 Celsius degree.
Created by: mharuman
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