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Biomolecules

TermDefinition
Lipid Another word for fat; compounds that are greasy; one of the main parts of cells; used to store energy in the body and make up cell membranes; made of triglycerides.
Protein Chemical compounds that carry out most of the chemical processes in an organism/cell; make up most of the structures in a cell/organism; made of amino acids; example: amino acids.
Carbohydrate Sugar, glucose, starches, and cellulose; compounds made in plants; the main source of energy for organisms.
Nucleic Acid DNA or RNA; genetic material; the code (instructions) for amino acid sequences of proteins; made of nitrogen bases.
Biomolecule A very large molecule; a polymer; made up of many smaller molecules linked together; examples; carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Organic Molecules Compounds that have carbon atoms; in organisms, they are called macromolecules or polymers; examples: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Monosaccharide A monomer; the simplest types of carbohydrates; simple sugars; examples: glucose, ribose, and fructose,
Triglycerides A monomer; the small compounds that make up a lipid; made up of three long fatty acid chains joined to a glycerol molecule; can be saturated or unsaturated.
Nucleotide A monomer; the small compounds that make up nucleic acids; made of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogen base.
Amino Acid A monomer; the small compounds that make up proteins; contain nitrogen; there are 20 different amino acids.
Polymer A chemical compound that is made up of many small molecules linked together; examples are carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and triglycerides.
Monomer A small molecule; when combined with other similar small molecules make a big molecule (polymer)
Created by: emajors2415
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