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Biology

Vocabulary Unit 1

TermDefinition
Atom smallest unit of matter
Element a pure substance made of atoms that cannot be broken down
Molecule a group of two or more atoms
Compound two or more elements chemically bonded together
Atomic Number the number of protons found in an element
Mass Number the total number of protons and neutrons in an element
Atomic Weight the mass of an atom
Valence Electron electrons in the outermost shell of the atom that determine an atom's or group's ability to bond with others.
Electron subatomic particle that has a negative charge
Proton subatomic particle that has a positive charge
Neutron subatomic particle that has no charge
Isotope two or more forms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
Radioisotope atom that has excess nuclear energy
Electron Configuration the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals.
Bond link between atoms in molecules or compounds
Polar Bond covalent bond that shares electrons unequally
Nonpolar Bond covalent bond that shares electrons equally
Hydrogen Bond an attraction between two atoms that already participate in other chemical bonds.
Solvent substance that dissolves a solution
Solution homogenous mixture composed of two or more substances
Solute substance that is dissolved in a solution
Hydrophobic molecule or substance that repels water
Hydrophilic molecule or substance that is attracted to water
Amino Acid organic compound characterized by having a carboxyl group, amino group, and side-chain attached to a central carbon atom.
Nucleotide organic molecules which is the building block for RNA and DNA
Peptide Bond polymer formed by linking amino acid subunits
Lipid biological compound that is soluble in nonpolar solvents
Saturated Fat lipid which contains no carbon-carbon double bonds
Saccaride organic compound containing sugar or sugars
Specific Heat (water) the amount heat one gram of a substance must absorb or lose to change its temperature by one degree Celsius. it takes a while for water to change temperatures
Created by: __felicia__
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