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Biology
Vocabulary Unit 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Atom | smallest unit of matter |
| Element | a pure substance made of atoms that cannot be broken down |
| Molecule | a group of two or more atoms |
| Compound | two or more elements chemically bonded together |
| Atomic Number | the number of protons found in an element |
| Mass Number | the total number of protons and neutrons in an element |
| Atomic Weight | the mass of an atom |
| Valence Electron | electrons in the outermost shell of the atom that determine an atom's or group's ability to bond with others. |
| Electron | subatomic particle that has a negative charge |
| Proton | subatomic particle that has a positive charge |
| Neutron | subatomic particle that has no charge |
| Isotope | two or more forms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons |
| Radioisotope | atom that has excess nuclear energy |
| Electron Configuration | the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals. |
| Bond | link between atoms in molecules or compounds |
| Polar Bond | covalent bond that shares electrons unequally |
| Nonpolar Bond | covalent bond that shares electrons equally |
| Hydrogen Bond | an attraction between two atoms that already participate in other chemical bonds. |
| Solvent | substance that dissolves a solution |
| Solution | homogenous mixture composed of two or more substances |
| Solute | substance that is dissolved in a solution |
| Hydrophobic | molecule or substance that repels water |
| Hydrophilic | molecule or substance that is attracted to water |
| Amino Acid | organic compound characterized by having a carboxyl group, amino group, and side-chain attached to a central carbon atom. |
| Nucleotide | organic molecules which is the building block for RNA and DNA |
| Peptide Bond | polymer formed by linking amino acid subunits |
| Lipid | biological compound that is soluble in nonpolar solvents |
| Saturated Fat | lipid which contains no carbon-carbon double bonds |
| Saccaride | organic compound containing sugar or sugars |
| Specific Heat (water) | the amount heat one gram of a substance must absorb or lose to change its temperature by one degree Celsius. it takes a while for water to change temperatures |
Created by:
__felicia__
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