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Cardio, Resp & Circ

Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Circulatory Systems of the Human Body

QuestionAnswer
What is the Respiratory System? The body's breathing system
What is the purpose of the Respiratory System? To get oxygen into the blood so it can be transported by the Cardiovascular and Circulatory Systems to working muscles and remove carbon dioxide from the blood stream
What are the parts of the Respiratory System? Mouth and nose, Sinuses, Pharynx, Trachea, Bronchial Tubes, Lungs
What muscles are involved in breathing? Intercostal Muscles and the Diaphragm
Where are the Intercostal muscles located? Between the ribs
What controls breathing? Breathing is automatically controlled by the brain
What is the role of the Cilia? Warm and filter the air before it travels to the lungs
What process occurs at the Alveoli? Gaseous Exchange and Pulmonary Diffusion - the exchange between Carbon Dioxide out of the Blood and Oxygen into the blood
The heart is what type of muscle? Cardiac muscle
The Atria are located where in the heart? Top 2 chambers fo the heart (left and right)
When labeling a heart, how do you determine which side is left and right? When labeling a heart, you must always label it as if you were looking at it in someones chest; meaning it must be labeled opposite to how you see it.
Where are the Ventricles located in the heart? Two lower chambers of the heart ( left and right)
Which ventricle wall is the thickest and why? The left ventricle wall is the thickest as it must pump blood to the entire body therefore it must be larger and stronger
What is the main purpose of valves in the heart? To stop the blood from washing back into the wrong area in between beats of the heart.
What is the piece of tissue that separate the left and right sides of the heart called? The Septum
When looking at the heart, what does 'Pulmonary' mean? It means lungs - the pulmonary vein and arteries are going away and to the lungs
What does 'Deoxygenated' mean? It means the blood is no longer carrying a large amount of Oxygen. It still has some oxygen but most has been used by the working muscles
What is Diastolic Pressure? Diastolic Pressure is the pressure on the arteries and veins in between the beats of the heart (normal for an adult is 80)
What is Systolic Pressure? Systolic Pressure is the pressure on the arteries and veins when the heart beats (normal for an adult is 120)
What is the 'normal' blood pressure of an adult? 120/80
What is the pathway of blood? Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries, Venules, Veins
Define Heart Rate. The number of time the heart beats per minute
Define Stroke Volume. The amount of blood pumped out of the heart per minute
Define Cardiac Output. The amount of blood pumped out of the heart per minute. To calculate this, you must multiply Stroke Volume by Heart Rate.
Define AVO2 Difference. The amount of different in oxygen in the blood once it has passed though a working muscle.
What does the Circulatory System include? Heart, Blood Vessles and Blood
The blood is made up of 4 components, what are they? Plasma, Platelets, Red Blood Cells & White Blood Cells
What does Plasma do? It carries nutrients, carbon dioxide, wastes and some oxygen. It is clear substance that we see coming out of a wound once the bleeding has stopped. Plasma is what holds the 'water' in our blood
What are Platelets and what do they do? They are responsible for clotting the blood
What are Erythrocytes? Red Blood Cells - they contain Haemoglobin which transports the oxygen in the blood.
What are Leukocytes? White Blood Cells - they are responsible for fighting infection
What are Arteries? They carry blood away from the heart, they have thick elastic walls to withstand thew pressure from the heart each beat. They carry oxygenated blood ( not the Pulmonary Artery)
What is Vasodilation? When the Veins and capillaries increase in size to allow for more blood flow. The happens when you are hot and why you get red in the face (capillaries on the skin are vasodilating)
What is Vasoconstriction? When the Veins and Capillaries decrease in size do restrict the amount of blood flow going through them. This happens when you are cold and your fingers turn white.
What are Veins? They carry blood back to the heart. They have thinners, less elastic walls than arteries but have valves to prevent the blood pooling in our feet between beats of the heart.
What are Capillaries? They are the link between Arteries and Veins. They have very thing walls that allow for gas exchange and loss of fluid and heat through sweating. They are thinner than a piece of hair.
Created by: alexcarlin
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