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A&P Module 1 CH 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define Anatomy | The Body Parts |
| Define physiology | How the body parts function |
| What is pathophysiology? | The study of the processes that disturb normal function. |
| What are the levels of organization in the body? Make sure you know them in order. | Atoms. Molecules. Organelles. Cells. Tissue. Organs. Organ systems. The human organism |
| Epithelial Tissue ( Include an example) | Covers and lines the body's surfaces; Examples include the outer layer of the skin, the walls of the capillaries and kidney tubules |
| Connective Tissue (Include an example) | Connects and supports parts of the body; some transports and stores materials; examples include bone, cartilage, and adipose tissues |
| Muscle Tissue (Include an example) | Contracts to produce movement; Examples include skeletal muscles and the heart. |
| Nerve Tissue (Include an example) | Generates and transmits pulses to regulate body function; examples include the brain and the nerves. |
| What are the 4 different types of tissues? | Epithelial, Connective, Muscle and nerve |
| Name the 11 Organ systems | Integumentary, Muscular, Skeletal , Digestive, Respiratory, Nervous, Lymphatic, Circulatory, Endocrine, Reproductive, Urinary |
| What does the integumentary system consist of and what is its function? | Consists of skin, hair and nails (Function: Protection, Temperature Regulation, Water retention, Sensation) |
| What does the Skeletal system consist of and what is its function? | Consists of Bones, Cartilage, and Ligaments (Function: Protection of body organs, Support, Movement, Blood formation) |
| what does the muscular system consist of and what is its function? | Consists of skeletal muscles (Function: Movement, Posture, Heat Production) |
| What does the Lymphatic system consist of and what is its function? | Consists of Lymph Nodes, Lymphatic Vessels, Lymph Thymus, Spleen, and Tonsils (Function Role in fluid balance, Production of immune cells, Defense against disease) |
| What does the Respiratory system consist of and what is its function? | Consists of Nose, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, and Lungs (Functions: Absorption of Oxygen, Discharge of Carbon Dioxide, Acid-base balance, Speech) |
| What does the Urinary system consist of and what is its function? | Consists of Kidneys, Ureters, Urinary Bladder, and Urethra (Functions: Excretion of wastes, Regulation of blood volume and pressure, Control of fluid, electrolytes, and acid-base balance.) |
| What does the nervous system consist of and what is its function? | Consists of the Brain, Spinal cord, Nerves, and Sense organs (Functions: Control regulation and coordination of other systems, Sensation, and Memory.) |
| What does the endocrine system consist of and what is its function? | Consists of Pituitary Gland, Adrenals, Pancreas, Thyroid, Parathyroids and Other organs (Function: Hormone production, Control and regulation of other systems.) |
| What does the circulatory system consist of and what is its function? | Consists of Heart, Arteries, Veins and Capillaries (Function: Distribution of Oxygen, Nutrients, Wastes, Hormones, Electrolytes, Immune cells, and Antibodies and Balance of fluid electrolytes and Acid-base Balance.) |
| What does the digestive system consist of and what is its function? | Consists of Stomach, small and large intestines, esophagus, Liver,mouth and pancreas (Function: Breakdown and absorption of nutrients, Elimination of wastes.) |
| What does the MALE reproductive system consist of and what is its function? | Consists of the testis, vas deferens, Prostate, Seminal vesicles, and Penis (Function: Production and delivery of sperm, Secretion of sex hormones) |
| What does the FEMALE reproductive system consist of and what it its function? | Female- Consists of Ovaries, fallopian tubes, breasts, Uterus and vagina (Function: Production of eggs, Site of fertilization and Fetal development, Birth, Lactation Secretion of sex hormones) |
| Medial | Toward midline |
| Laterial | Away from midline |
| Distal | farther away from point of attachment |
| Proximal | Closer to the point of attachment |
| Superior | above |
| Inferior | below |
| Anterior (Ventral) | Front of body |
| Posterior (dorsal) | Back of body |
| Superficial | at or near the bodys surface |
| Deep | Away from the bodys surface |
| Anatomical position | standing erect, arms at the sides, with face, palms, and feet facing forward. |
| Sagittal Plane | Divides the body lengthwise into right and left sides |
| Transverse Plane (Horizontal plane) | Divides the body horizontally into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) portions |
| Frontal plane (Coronal Plane) | Divides the body lengthwise into anterior and posterior portions |
| Ventral cavity | Located at the front of the body, Consists of two compartments (the thoracic and abdominopelvic), which are separated by the diaphragm |
| Thoracic Cavity | Subdivided into two pleural cavities (each containing a lung) and the mediastinum The mediastinum contains the heart, large vessels of the heart, trachea, esophagus, thymus, lymph nodes, and other blood vessels and nerves |
| Abdominopelvic Cavity | Subdivided into the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity- The abdominal cavity contains the stomach, intestines, spleen, liver, and other organs- The pelvic cavity contains the bladder, some of the reproductive organs, and the rectum |
| Dorsal Cavity | Located at the back of the body, contains two divisions but is one continuous cavity |
| Cranial cavity | Formed by the skull, contains the brain |
| Spinal cavity | Formed by the vertebrae, Contains the spinal cord |
| Right Hypochondriac Region | Liver, Gallbladder, Right Kidney |
| Right Lumbar Region | Liver (Tip), Small intestines, Ascending colon, Right kidney |
| Right Iliac Region | Small Intestines, Appendix, Cecum and ascending colon |
| Epigastric Region | Stomach, Liver, Pancreas, Right and Left Kidneys |
| Umbilical Region | Stomach, Pancreas, Small intestines, Transverse colon |
| Hypogastric Region- | Small intestines, Sigmoid colon, Bladder |
| Left Hypochondriac Region | Stomach, Liver (Tip) Left Kidney, Spleen |
| Left lumbar Region | Small Intestine, Descending colon, Left kidney |
| Left Iliac Region- | Small Intestines, Descending colon, Sigmoid colon |
| homeostasis | The Body's ability to remain the same internally regardless of environmental factors, EX: staying at 98.9 degrees F internally even though it is snowing outside |
| Negative Feedback- | When the effector oppresses the stimulus (such as dropping temperature), and Reverses the direction of change (Causing temperature to rise). |
| Positive feedback- | When the effector reinforces the stimulus (Such s uterine contractions during labor which trigger the hormone oxytocin) and amplifies the direction of change (causing even greater contractions and further release of oxytocin) |
Created by:
hiatt02
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