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PatientCare-Part1
Questions from the objectives
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Exposing a patient to harmful radiation in order to obtain information conducive to restoring the patient's health is an example of | double effect |
| Statutory laws are derived from _______ whereas common law results from _______ | Statutory laws are derived from legislative enactments and common law results from judicial decisions. |
| Describe criminal law and criminal acts | Criminal acts are committed against a society or a member of society; criminal offenses usually result in punishment; can be a felony or misdemeanor |
| Describe civil law | Civil law protects private legal rights; offenses usually result in a fine or having to repair the damage. |
| A physician who misdiagnoses a patient that results in injury is guilty of | a civil offense |
| What is an intentional tort? | a purposeful deed committed with the intention of producing the consequences of the deed |
| What is an unintentional tort? | negligence resulting in performing one's duties that results in a patient being injured |
| Good posture involves proper body alignment. Describe this posture. | Chest up, waist extended, head erect, chin in, feet parallel and perpendicular to the lower leg, equal weight distribution, knees slightly bent, buttocks in, abdomen up and in |
| Poor posture may result in | overstretched ligaments, increased pressure on discs, increased muscles weakness, transfer of workload to other parts of the body |
| Radiographers most often have lawsuits brought against them in cases of | patient falls |
| Three ways of transporting patients include | wheelchair, gurney/cart, ambulation |
| When should you used restraints and immobilizers? | Only when ordered by the physician in charge of the patient's care. Must be appropriate for the individual needs of the patient. Unauthorized use my be considered false imprisonment |
| Describe supine and prone | Supine is lying on your back (face up) and prone is lying face down |
| Describe high and semi-Fowler's position | High Fowler's position is patient semi-sits with head raised 45-90 degrees. Semi-Fowler's position is patient lying down with head raised 15-30 degrees. |
| What is Trendelenburg position | The bed or table is inclined wit hthe patient's head lower than the rest of the body |
| What is lateral recumbent position | Patient lying on side with both knees flexed |
| Differentiate between medical and surgical asepsis. | Medical asepsis is clean technique with the goal of reducing microbes and infection control. Surgical asepsis is sterile technique with the goal of complete removal of microbes and spores. |
| Guidelines developed by the CDC designed to reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms from recognized and unrecognized sources are called | Standard Precautions; apply in all cases, exercised by everyone for everyone |
| Name and give examples of objects that have been contaminated by infectious microorganisms and can transfer them by indirect contact. | Fomites; dressings, dishes, radiology cassettes, sonography probes, etc |
| Specific precautions designed to protect susceptible patients (eg. immunocompromised patients) from infection are called | Protective/Reverse or Neutropenic precautions |
| Describe and give examples of pathogens | Infectious microorganisms that enter the body and cause infection; bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites |
| Name 6 major components that must be present for an infection to be transmitted | Infectious agent, resevoir or medium for microorganism growth, portal of exit from the medium, means of transmission, portal of entry to the individual, a susceptible host |
| Pathogenicity means | ability to cause disease |
| Virulence means | ability to grow and multiply |
| Invasiveness | ability to enter tissues |
| Specificity | attraction to a particular host |
| Vehicles of transmission include | contaminated food, water, medications |
| Vectors of transmission include | vermin, mosquitoes, flies, rats |
| The first line of defense against infection is | Mechanical(intact skin, ciliated mucous membranes); chemical(acidic condition in stomach); cellular(species resistant immunity) |
| The second line of defense against infection is | inflammatory response |
| The third line of defense against infection is | immune system |
| Describe nosocomial infections and the most common sites they occur | Illness acquired during hospitalization; urinary tract, wounds, respiratory tract |
| What is the single most effective method for preventing and controlling infection? | Hand washing/hand hygiene. |
| When would surgical asepsisbe necessary? | Sterile technique is required during any medical procedure that involves thepenetration of body tissues (an invasive procedure). |
Created by:
sbeard1
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