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Scientific Inquiry
scientific inquiry
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| observing/observation | using senses to identify or learn about something |
| inferring/inference | conclusion formed from prior knowledge and available information or evidence (educated guess--past or present) |
| predicting/prediction | stating an expected result of what will happen in the future (educated guess--future) |
| independent variable | the variable that is changed by the tester in an experiment (the cause) |
| dependent variable | the variable that changes as a result of a change in the independent variable (the effect) |
| hypothesis | an educated guess (prediction including independent and dependent variables) AND explanation that can be tested with a scientific investigation |
| quantitative data | descriptions of the natural world using numbers |
| qualitative data | descriptions of the natural world using words (classifying) |
| description | summary of observations (tells who, what, when, where) |
| explanation | interpretation of observations (tells why or how) |
| constants/controlled variables | the factors in an experiment that remain the same (all factors except independent and dependent variables) |
| prior knowledge | using what you already know to infer and predict possible outcomes |
| bias | showing favor of or against one thing compared with another |
| measurement/measuring | Comparing an unknown amount with a known unit to determine its dimensions |
| classifying/classification | Grouping objects or events based on similarities |
| communicating/communication | Using written or spoken words |
| model | A representation of an object or event |
| investigation | a procedure carried out to gather data about an object or event |
| argument | A statement put forth and supported by evidence |
| claim | statement or assertion that is the conclusion of an argument; proposed answer to question about the natural world |
| evidence | the available body of facts or information (data) indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid (used to support or refute claim) |
| reasoning | the process of drawing a conclusion on the basis of evidence to explain how the evidence supports the claim |
| system | group of objects that interact with each other |
| analyze | discover through detailed examination |
| interpret | explain the meaning of |
| evaluate | Examine and judge carefully. |
| empirical | based on observation or experiment and not on theory |
| phenomenon (phenomena) | a fact, occurrence, or circumstance observed (often naturally-occurring)--could be a puzzling event or process that requires a wide range of science ideas to be coordinated together to fully explain the concept |
| technology | tool used to solve real-world problems (not always electronic) |
| computational | relating to the process of mathematical calculation, often using computers or other electronic tools |
| science | knowledge about or study of the natural world based on facts learned through experiments and observation |
| engineering | the application of science and mathematics to define problems (including criteria and constraints) and design solutions |
| mathematics | the abstract science of number, quantity, and space which can be applied to physics and engineering |
| refute | to provide evidence that goes against a claim (opposite of support) |
| relevant | significant and appropriate to the occurrence (opposite: irrelevant) |
Created by:
akguidry
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