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Operations
Paramedic: Medical and Legal Operations
| Question/Definition | Term/Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the levels of EMS care? | EMR, EMT, AEMT, Paramedic |
| What is the highest level of EMS care? | Paramedic |
| A physician who is legally responsible for all clinical and patient care aspects of the system | Medical Director |
| Sending multiple levels of emergency care personnel to the same incident | Tiered Responses |
| What publication changed EMS in 1966? | Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society (AKA :white paper) |
| A qualified physician gives direct orders to a pre-hospital care provider by radio or phone | Online Medical Direction |
| Medical policies, procedures, and practices that a system medical director has established in advance of a call | Offline Medical Direction |
| Treatment procedures preauthorized by a medical director | Standing Orders |
| The policies and procedures of all medical components of an EMS system and are the responsibility of the medical director | Protocols |
| To identify with and understand the circumstances, feelings, and motives of others | Empathy |
| A process of occupational regulation | Licensure |
| The process by which an agency or association grants recognition to an individual who met its qualifications | Certification |
| The process by which an agency grants automatic certification or licensure to an individual who has comparable certification or licensure from another agency | Reciprocity |
| When an EMS provider first arrives on scene they must determine the scene safety, number of patients, the severity of illnesses/injuries based on the MOI or NOI, and request additional or specialized services if needed. | Scene size up |
| A trauma facility that serves as a regional resource trauma center; tertiary care facility for trauma care system; university-based teaching hospital | Level I Trauma Facility |
| A trauma facility that is expected to provide initial definitive trauma care, regardless of severity or injury | Level II Trauma Facility |
| A trauma facility that serves communities that do not have immediate access to a Level 1 or 2 institution | Level III Trauma Facility |
| A trauma facility that provides advanced trauma life support before the patient is transferred from a remote area where no higher level of care is available | Level IV Trauma Facility |
| To place the interest of the patient or team ahead of your own interests; listen to others, respect others’ opinions, be open-minded and flexible | Diplomacy |
| Defending and protecting a patient and acting in their best interest | Advocacy |
| Wear these before initiating any emergency care | Gloves |
| Wear this when blood splatter is likely to occur | Masks/Protective Eye Wear |
| Wear this when you come in contact with a patient with either confirmed or suspected TB | HEPA/N-95 Respirator |
| Wear this to protect against splashes or other contaminants that can get on clothing | Gowns |
| Used when performing CPR; disposable and only use once | Resuscitation Equipment |
| Non-water-based hand washing solutions (hand sanitizer) | Hand Washing Supplies |
| Cleaning with this type of agent kills microorganisms on the surface of an object; toxic to living tissue; equipment that has come into direct contact with the skin of a patient | Disinfection |
| The use of a chemical or physical method such as pressurized steam, heat, radiation, or EPA-approved solution to kill microorganisms on an object; items that have been inserted into the patient’s body | Sterilization |
| What are the Stages of the Grieving Process? | Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance |
| The nonspecific response of the body to any demand; a hardship or strain; a physical or emotional response to a stimulus | Stress |
| What are the Stages of Stress? | 1. Alarm 2. Resistance 3. Exhaustion |
| During the ___ stage of stress the body goes into “fight-or-flight” mode to defend itself | Alarm |
| The ____ stage of stress starts when an individual begins to cope with stress; the individual may become desensitized or adapted to stressors | Resistance |
| Prolonged exposure to the same stressors leads to ___ of an individual’s ability to resist and adapt; susceptibility to physical and psychological ailments increases | Exhaustion |
| When coping mechanisms no longer buffer job stressors, which can compromise personal health and well-being | Burnout |
| Anxiety disorder that develops following exposure to traumatic events | Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) |
| Legal responsibility | Liability |
| Deals with noncriminal issues, such as personal injury, contract disputes, and matrimonial issues; Involves conflict between 2 or more parties | Civil Law |
| A wrongful act or an infringement of a right (other than under contract) leading to civil legal liability | Tort |
| A branch of civil law; deals with wrongs committed by one individual against another (rather than against society) | Tort Law |
| An area of law in which the federal, state, or local government will prosecute an individual on behalf of society for violating laws meant to protect society | Criminal Law |
| Outlines the care you (the EMT) are able to provide; medical director can further expand this and train providers | Scope of Practice |
| Termination of care without providing for the appropriate continuation of care while it is still needed and desired by the patient | Abandonment |
| A patient who is transported without consent or is restrained without proper justification or authority | False Imprisonment |
| Consent given based on a full disclosure of information; the patient has been informed of the treatment, risks, and benefits of any treatments performed | Informed Consent |
| The patient is informed and expresses their consent either verbally, non-verbally, or in writing | Expressed Consent |
| A patient that is a minor or is mentally, physically, or emotionally unable to grant consent and requires emergency intervention would be treated under this "emergency doctrine" | Implied Consent |
| A patient without sound judgement, under law enforcement custody, or under court ordered treatment would be treated under this type of consent | Involuntary Consent |
| A person under the age of 18 | Minor |
| A minor that is married, a parent, pregnant, a member of the armed forces, or financially independent and living away from home | Emancipated Minor |
| When a patient denies certain treatments or transport; may be against medical advice; patient must be informed of potential risks | Refusal |
| Failure to provide the same care that a person with similar training would provide in the same or a similar situation | Negligence |
| What are the 4 parts of Negligence? | 1. Duty to Act 2. Breach of Duty 3. Actual Damages 4. Proximate Cause |
| Compensation for physical, psychological, or financial harm | Actual Damages |
| A formal contractual or informal legal obligation to provide care | Duty to Act |
| An action or inaction that violates the standard of care expected from a paramedic | Breach of Duty |
| An action or inaction of the paramedic that immediately caused or worsened the damage suffered by the patient | Proximate Cause |
| Provides immunity to people who assist at the scene of a medical emergency (depends on state; can expand to both paid and volunteer prehospital personnel) | Good Samaritan Laws |
| Lack of oxygen resulting in unconsciousness or death that occurs in a person who is being restrained | Restraint Asphyxia (positional asphyxia) |
| A condition that may result from abuse of stimulant drugs, typically presenting as a triad of effects: delirium, psychomotor agitation, and physiologic excitation | Excited Delirium Syndrome (ExDS) |
| Enhances the confidentiality of medical records and mandates that EMS personnel be educated as to the requirements of the law; provides methods to ensure that EMS personnel who have been exposed to a communicable disease are notified in a timely manner | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) |
| When a person makes an intentional false communication that injures another person’s reputation or good name | Defamation |
| The act of injuring a person’s character, name, or reputation by false or malicious statements spoken with malicious intent or reckless disregard for the falsity of those statements | Slander |
| The act of injuring a person’s character, name, or reputation by false statements made in writing or through mass media with malicious intent or reckless disregard for the falsity of those statements | Libel |
| Verbally threatening someone | Assault |
| Performing an act physically when someone stated they did not want it | Battery |
| The minimum amount of force necessary to ensure that the patient does not cause harm to themselves, you, or others | Reasonable Force |
| A document created to ensure that certain treatment choices are honored when a patient is unconscious or otherwise unable to express their choice in treatments | Advance Directive |
| A legal document, usually signed by the patient and their physician, that indicates to medical personnel which, if any, life-sustaining measures should be taken when the patient's heart and respiratory functions have ceased | Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) |
| A legal document that allows a person to specify the kinds of medical treatment they wish to receive, should the need arise | Living Will |
| An addition or supplement to the original report | Addendum |
| Principle of law that prohibits the release of medical or other personal information about a patient without the patient's consent | Confidentiality |
| Requires healthcare systems to create a notification system to provide info and assistance when an exposure occurs; allows medics access to patient's medical records after possible exposure to an infectious disease | Ryan White Care Act |
| Social, religious, or personal standards of what is right and wrong | Morals |
| The rules or standards that govern the conduct of members of a particular group or profession | Ethics |
| The principle of doing good for the patient | Beneficence |
| Who created the EMS code of ethics? | The National Association of EMT’s |
| Refers to a competent adult patient’s right to determine what happens to his own body, including treatment for medical illnesses and injuries | Autonomy |
| Properly documenting patient care from the initial response to the transfer of patient care to the hospital emergency department staff | Patient Care Report (PCR) |
| Conveying information in a language that is suited for the situation (10-codes) | Encode |
| Deciphering the “coded” message received | Decode |
| What government agency monitors radio traffic? | Federal Communications Commission (FCC) |
| Usually used in the city; radio waves that can penetrate concrete and steel well and are less susceptible to interference | Ultrahigh Frequency |
| Rural and suburban units may use this lower band frequency since these sound waves can travel farther and over varied types of terrain | Very High Frequency |
| The most basic communications system that transmits and receives on the same frequency and cannot do both simultaneously | Simplex |
| Transmissions that allow simultaneous two-way communications by using 2 frequencies for each channel; each radio able to transmit and receive on each channel | Duplex |
| Systems that are the same as duplex systems with the additional capability of transmitting voice and data simultaneously | Multiplex |
| A communications system that pools all frequencies and routes transmissions to the next available frequency | Trunking |
| Objective findings that can be identified through physical examination | Signs |
| A subjective complaint: what the patient is experiencing and, possibly, can describe | Symptoms |
| Common symptoms related to the illness, disease, or medication | Associated Symptoms |
| Negative findings when performing an assessment | Pertinent Negatives |
| What you believe to be your patient's problem; your impression | Field Diagnosis |
| What the patient feels and their history; chief complaints, history of present illness, past history, current health status, review of systems | Subjective |
| Your general impression and any data you gather through inspection, palpation, auscultation, percussion, and diagnostic testing | Objective |
Created by:
sarah.thomas32
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