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Special Populations
Paramedic Special Populations: Ob/Gyn/Pediatrics/Geriatrics
| Question/Definition | Term/Answer |
|---|---|
| Termination of pregnancy before the 20th week of gestation | Abortion |
| Cyanosis of the extremities | Acrocyanosis |
| Respiratory insufficiency marked by progressive hypoxemia due to severe inflammatory damage | Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) |
| A legal document that is prepared in advance that provides guidelines on treatment if the person is no longer capable of making decisions | Advance Directive |
| The placenta and accompanying membranes that are expelled from the uterus after the birth of a child | Afterbirth |
| Discrimination against aged or elderly people | Ageism |
| A progressive, degenerative disease that attacks the brain and results in impaired memory, thinking, and behavior | Alzheimer’s Disease |
| Clear, watery fluid that surrounds and protects the developing fetus | Amniotic Fluid |
| The membranes that surround and protect the developing fetus throughout the period of intrauterine development. (bag of waters) | Amniotic Sac |
| Abnormal dilation of a vessel, usually an artery, due to a congenital defect or a weakness in the wall of the vessel | Aneurysm |
| A form of inflammatory arthritis that primarily affects the spine | Ankylosing Spondylitis |
| An eating disorder marked by excessive fasting | Anorexia Nervosa |
| An oxygen deficiency due to disordered pulmonary mechanisms of oxygenation | Anoxic Hypoxemia |
| Before the onset of labor | Antepartum |
| A degeneration of the wall of the aorta | Aortic Dissection |
| Compression of the aorta and vena cava by the gravid uterus in the supine pregnant patient | Aortocaval Compression |
| A numerical system of rating the condition of a newborn that evaluates a newborn’s heart rate, respiratory rate, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color | APGAR Score |
| The absence or impairment of the ability to communicate through speaking, writing, or signing as a result of brain dysfunction | Aphasia |
| Housing for the elderly or disabled that provides nursing care, housekeeping, and prepared meals as needed | Assisted Living |
| A condition marked by recurrent attacks of dyspnea with wheezing due to spasmodic constriction of the bronchi, often as a response to allergens or to mucus plugs in the arterial walls | Asthma |
| An abnormality of the involuntary aspect of the nervous system | Autonomic Dysfunction |
| Bacterial infection of the airway, subglottic region; in children, most likely to appear after episodes of croup | Bacterial Tracheitis |
| Fractures characterized by angulation and deformity in the bone without an obvious break | Bend Fractures |
| A hate crime based on bias | Bias-Motivated Crime |
| Avoidable and unavoidable mechanical and anoxic trauma incurred by the newborn during labor and delivery | Birth Injury |
| Injury to the brain tissues caused by an inadequate supply of oxygen and nutrients | Brain Ischemia |
| Chronic dilation of a bronchus or bronchi, with a secondary infection typically involving the lower portion of the lung | Bronchiectasis |
| Viral infection of the medium-sized airways, occurring most frequently during the first year of life | Bronchiolitis |
| Fractures characterized by a raised or bulging projection at the fracture site | Buckle Fractures |
| The inability of the heart to meet the metabolic needs of the body, resulting in inadequate tissue perfusion | Cardiogenic Shock |
| A medical condition in which the lens of the eye loses its clearness | Cataracts |
| Inflammation of cellular or connective tissue | Cellulitis |
| IV line placed into the superior vena cava for the administration of long-term fluid therapy | Central IV Line |
| Legally retaining items of evidence and accounting for their whereabouts at all times to prevent loss or tampering | Chain of Evidence |
| Physical or emotional violence or neglect toward a person from infancy to 18 years of age | Child Abuse |
| Congenital closure of the passage between the nose and pharynx by a bony or membranous structure | Choanal Atresia |
| Congenital vertical fissure in the upper lip | Cleft Lip |
| Congenital fissure in the roof of the mouth, forming a passageway between oral and nasal cavities | Cleft Palate |
| A surgical diversion of the large intestine through an opening in the skin where the fecal matter is collected in a pouch | Colostomy |
| Having more than 1 disease at a time | Comorbidity |
| Deafness caused when transmission of the sound waves through the external ear canal to the middle or inner ear is blocked | Conductive Deafness |
| Present at birth | Congenital |
| A living arrangement in which the elderly live in, but do not own, individual apartments or rooms and receive select services | Congregate Care |
| Congestive heart failure secondary to pulmonary hypertension | Cor Pulmonale |
| Laryngotracheobronchitis; a common viral infection of young children, resulting in edema of the subglottic tissues; characterized by barking cough and inspiratory stridor | Croup |
| The bulging of the fetal head past the opening of the vagina during a contraction; it is an indication of impending delivery | Crowning |
| Infection of the urinary bladder | Cystitis |
| The inability to hear | Deafness |
| Recommended delay in clamping the umbilical cord in a newly born infant who does not require immediate resuscitation to minimize the likelihood of intraventricular hemorrhage | Delayed Cord Clamping (DCC) |
| An acute alteration in mental functioning that is often reversible | Delirium |
| A deterioration of mental status that is usually associated with structural neurological disease that is progressive and irreversible | Dementia |
| Destruction or removal of the myelin sheath of nerve tissue | Demyelination |
| Complication of diabetes due to decreased insulin secretion or intake; characterized by high levels of blood glucose, metabolic acidosis, and, in advanced stages, coma; aka diabetic coma | Diabetic Ketoacidosis |
| Slow loss of vision as a result of damage done by diabetes | Diabetic Retinopathy |
| Protrusion of abdominal contents into the thoracic cavity through an opening in the diaphragm | Diaphragmatic Hernia |
| Marked decrease in peripheral vascular resistance with resultant hypotension; examples include septic, neurogenic, and anaphylactic shock | Distributive Shock |
| Physical or emotional violence or neglect when an elder is being cared for in a home-based setting | Domestic Elder Abuse |
| Channel between the main pulmonary artery and the aorta of the fetus | Ductus Arteriosus |
| Painful menstruation | Dysmenorrhea |
| Painful sexual intercourse | Dyspareunia |
| The inability to swallow or difficulty swallowing | Dysphagia |
| An exaggerated feeling of depression or unrest, characterized by a mood of general dissatisfaction, restlessness, discomfort, and unhappiness | Dysphoria |
| Painful urination often associated with cystitis | Dysuria |
| The implantation of a developing fetus outside the uterus, often in a fallopian tube | Ectopic Pregnancy |
| The thinning and shortening of the cervix during labor | Effacement |
| A person aged 65 or older | Elderly |
| Federally funded program aimed at improving the health of pediatric patients who suffer from life-threatening illnesses and injuries | Emergency Medical Services for Children (EMSC) |
| Term for vomitus | Emesis |
| Condition in which endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus | Endometriosis |
| Infection of the endometrium | Endometritis |
| The innermost layer of the uterus where a fertilized egg implants or, if fertilization and implantation does not occur, is sloughed off | Endometrium |
| Removal of the eyeball after trauma or illness | Enucleation |
| Bacterial infection of the epiglottis, usually occurring in children older than age 4 | Epiglottitis |
| An incision of the perineum to facilitate delivery of the baby and to prevent spontaneous tearing | Episiotomy |
| Nosebleed | Epistaxis |
| The approximate day the infant will be born; usually set at 40 weeks after the date of the mother’s last menstrual period | Estimated Date of Confinement (EDC) |
| Disorder involving external secretions | Exocrine |
| Outside the uterus | Extrauterine |
| Seizures that occur as a result of a sudden increase in body temperature; occurs most commonly between the ages of 6 months to 6 years old | Febrile Seizures |
| The formation of fiber-like connective tissue in an organ (scar tissue) | Fibrosis |
| Blockage or obstruction of the airway by an object that impairs respiration; in the case of pediatric patients, tongues, abundant secretions, and deciduous (baby) teeth are common airway blocks | Foreign Body Airway Obstruction (FBAO) |
| Decreased ability to meet daily needs on an independent basis | Functional Impairment |
| Death of tissue or bone, usually from an insufficient blood supply | Gangrene |
| A syndrome in which an elderly person is physically or psychologically injured by another person | Geriatric Abuse |
| The study and treatment of diseases of the aged | Geriatrics |
| The scientific study of the effects of aging and of age-related diseases in humans | Gerontology |
| A group of eye diseases that result in increased intraocular pressure on the optic nerve | Glaucoma |
| A form of inflammation of the kidneys that primarily involves the glomeruli, one of the capillary networks that are part of the renal corpuscles in the nephrons | Glomerulonephritis |
| Opening and closing of the glottic space | Glottic Function |
| Fractures characterized by an incomplete break in the bone | Greenstick Fractures |
| The area just below the head of a long bone in which growth in bone length occurs; the epiphyseal plate | Growth Plate |
| An acute viral infection that triggers the production of autoantibodies, which damage the myelin sheath covering the peripheral nerves that causes a rapid, progressive loss of motor function. | Guillain-Barre Syndrome |
| The Greek word for ‘woman’ | Gynaik |
| The branch of medicine that deals with health maintenance and the diseases of women, primarily of the reproductive organs | Gynecology |
| A life-threatening condition that is caused by a disturbance in temperature regulation | Heatstroke |
| A condition that is characterized by sudden coughing with production of salty sputum with frothy bright-red blood | Hemoptysis |
| Enlarged liver | Hepatomegaly |
| Protrusion or projection of an organ or part of an organ through the wall of the cavity that normally contains it | Herniation |
| An acute eruption caused by a reactivation of latent varicella virus in the dorsal root ganglia (shingles) | Herpes Zoster |
| Protrusion of the stomach upward into the mediastinal cavity through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm | Hiatal Hernia |
| A program of palliative care and support services that addresses the physical, social, economic, and spiritual needs of terminally ill patients and their families | Hospice |
| the illegal movement and trade of people, usually for forced labor or commercial sexual exploitation | Human Trafficking |
| An excessive amount of bilirubin (the orange colored pigment associated with bile) in the blood. In newborns, the condition appears as jaundice. | Hyperbilirubinemia |
| Abnormally high concentration of glucose in the blood | Hyperglycemia |
| An increase in the size of bulk of an organ or structure that is caused by growth rather than by a tumor | Hypertrophy |
| An abnormal concern with one’s health, with the false belief of suffering for some disease, despite medical assurances to the contrary | Hypochondriasis |
| Abnormally low concentration of glucose in the blood | Hypoglycemia |
| Decreased amount of intravascular fluid in the body; often due to trauma that causes blood loss into a body cavity or frank external hemorrhage; in children, can be a result of vomiting and diarrhea | Hypovolemic Shock |
| Diminished vigor of the immune response to the challenge or rechallenge by pathogens | Immune Senescence |
| The inability to retain urine or feces because of loss of sphincter control or cerebral or spinal lesions | Incontinence |
| Physical or emotional violence or neglect when an elder is being cared for by a person paid to provide care | Institutional Elder Abuse |
| A respirator setting in which a patient-triggered breath does not result in assistance by the machine | Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (IMV) |
| Bleeding directly into the brain | Intracerebral Hemorrhage |
| Resistant to cure, relief, or control | Intractable |
| Occurring during childbirth | Intrapartum |
| A clear plastic enclosed bassinet used to keep prematurely born infants warm; aka incubator | Isolette |
| An exaggeration of the normal posterior curvature of the spine | Kyphosis |
| The time and processes that occur during childbirth; the physiologic and mechanical process in which the baby, placenta, and amniotic sac are expelled through the birth canal | Labor |
| An inner each ear infection that causes vertigo, nausea, and an unsteady gait | Labyrinthitis |
| Communities that provide apartments and/or homes for independent living and a range of services, including nursing care | Life-Care Community |
| Vaginal discharge following birth that contains blood, mucus, and placental tissue | Lochia |
| The process of softening a solid by soaking it in a liquid | Maceration |
| The technique of cupping the uterus to lift it upward and leftward off the maternal blood vessels | Manual Lateral Uterine Displacement (LUD) |
| A hereditary condition of connective tissue, bones, muscles, ligaments, and skeletal structures that is characterized by an irregular and unsteady gait, tall lean body type with long extremities, flat feet, and stooped shoulders. | Marfan Syndrome |
| Dark green material found in the intestine of the full-term newborn. It can be expelled from the intestine into the amniotic fluid during periods of fetal distress | Meconium |
| A dark, tarry stool caused by the presence of “digested” free blood | Melena |
| The onset of menses, usually occurring between the ages of 10 and 14 | Menarche |
| A disease of the inner ear characterized by vertigo, nerve deafness, and a roar or buzzing in the ear | Meniere’s Disease |
| Herniation of the spinal cord and membranes through a defect in the spinal column | Meningomyelocele |
| The cessation of menses and ovarian function due to decreased secretion of estrogen | Menopause |
| Excessive menstrual flow | Menorrhagia |
| Menstrual period | Menses |
| Sloughing of the uterine lining if a fertilized egg is not implanted | Menstruation |
| The death of tissue in the peritoneal fold (mesentery) that encircles the small intestine | Mesenteric Ischemia or Infarct |
| A pregnancy that spontaneously end before 20 weeks gestation | Miscarriage |
| Abdominal pain associated with ovulation | Mittelschmerz |
| The fatty layer of tissue over the pubic symphysis | Mons Pubis |
| A genetic disorder that can affect the lungs and pancreas and is characterized by abnormally viscous mucous secretions that can obstruct passageways and ducts (cystic fibrosis) | Mucoviscidosis |
| A disease characterized by episodic muscle weakness triggered by an autoimmune attack of the ACh receptors | Myasthenia Gravis |
| The thick middle layer of the uterus that consists of 3 layers of smooth muscle fibers | Myometrium |
| A tube that runs through the nose and esophagus into the stomach; used for administering liquid nutrients or medications or for removing air or liquids from the stomach | Nasogastric Tube |
| A generalized disorder presenting a clinical picture of CNS hyperirritability, GI dysfunction, respiratory distress, and vague autonomic symptoms. May be due to intrauterine exposure to heroin, methadone, or other less potent opiates | Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) |
| An infant from the time of birth to 1 month of age | Neonate |
| The functional units of the kidneys | Nephrons |
| A condition that results form an abnormally low neutrophil count in the blood | Neutropenia |
| A baby in the first few hours of its life | Newborn |
| Excessive urination during the night | Nocturia |
| Types of shock that result from causes other than inadequate cardiac output | Noncardiogenic Shock |
| The branch of medicine that deals with care of women throughout pregnancy | Obstetrics |
| An elderly person aged 80 or older | Old-Old |
| Congenital hernia of the umbilicus | Omphalocele |
| A tube that runs through the mouth and esophagus and into the stomach; used for administering liquid nutrients or medications or for removing air or liquids from the stomach | Orogastric Tube |
| A degenerative joint disease characterized by a loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of bone | Osteoarthritis |
| The softening of bone tissue due to the loss of essential minerals, primarily calcium | Osteoporosis |
| A middle ear infection | Otitis Media |
| The release of an egg from the ovary | Ovulation |
| A chronic, degenerative disease characterized by tremors, muscular weakness, and rigidity, and a loss of postural reflexes | Parkinson’s Disease |
| Physical or emotional violence from a man or woman toward a domestic partner | Partner Abuse |
| An acute infection of the reproductive organs that can be caused by a bacterium, virus, or fungus | Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) |
| The outermost layer of the uterus that consists of a visceral lining that covers the body of the uterus as well as the abdominal cavity and organs | Perimetrium |
| a roughly diamond-shaped, skin-covered area of muscular tissues separating the vagina and anus | Perineum |
| Condition in which blood continues to bypass the fetal respiratory system, resulting in ongoing hypoxia | Persistent Fetal Circulation |
| A living arrangement that includes room, board, and some supervision | Personal-Care Home |
| Exposure to sunlight or artificial light for therapeutic purposes. In newborns, light is used to treat hyperbilirubinemia or jaundice | Phototherapy |
| Unusually small jaw, combined with a cleft palate, downward displacement of the tongue, and an absent gag reflex | Pierre Robin Syndrome |
| An involuntary tremor, usually in 1 hand or both, in which fingers move as if they were rolling a pill back and forth | Pill-Rolling Motion |
| The "organ of pregnancy" that is attached to the wall of the uterus and serves as a lifeline for the developing fetus | Placenta |
| An excess of red blood cells. In a newborn, the condition may reflect hypovolemia or prolonged intrauterine hypoxia | Polycythemia |
| The ‘let down’ feeling experienced during the period following birth that occurs in roughly 70-80% of mothers | Postpartum Depression |
| Condition in which a woman has severe depression symptoms, irritability, and tension before menstruation | Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) |
| A variety of signs and symptoms, such as weight gain, irritability, or specific food cravings, associated with the changing hormonal levels that precede menstruation | Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) |
| Progressive hearing loss that occurs with aging | Presbycusis |
| Ischemic damage caused by pressure that results in necrosis affecting the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and often the muscle. | Pressure Ulcer |
| Itching that often occurs as a symptom of some systemic change or illness | Pruritus |
| the cartilaginous joint that connects the 2 pubic bones | Pubic Symphysis |
| The time period surrounding the birth of the fetus | Puerperium |
| Any disorder of the retina | Retinopathy |
| A general term used to describe an abnormal decline in mental functioning seen in the elderly | Senile Dementia |
| Deafness caused by the inability of nerve impulses to reach the auditory center of the brain due to nerve damage to the inner ear or brain | Sensorineural Deafness |
| the portion of the brain that functions as a center of sensations | Sensorium |
| Unwanted oral, genital, rectal, or manual sexual contact | Sexual Assault |
| Surgical connection that runs from the brain to the abdomen for the purpose of draining excess cerebrospinal fluid, thus preventing increased intracranial pressure | Shunt |
| Chronic orthostatic hypotension caused by a primarily autonomic nervous system deficiency | Shy-Drager Syndrome |
| A group of disorders characterized by dysfunction of the sinoatrial node in the heart | Sick Sinus Syndrome |
| A myocardial infarction that occurs without exhibiting obvious signs and symptoms | Silent Myocardial Infarction |
| A degeneration of the vertebral body | Spondylosis |
| Prolonged seizure or multiple seizures with no regaining of consciousness between them | Status Epilepticus |
| A permanent surgical opening in the neck through which the patient breathes | Stoma |
| The injury or death of brain tissue resulting from interruption of cerebral blood flow and oxygenation | Stroke |
| A series of symptoms resulting from a heart block that results in decreased blood flow to the brain and a sudden decrease in cardiac output | Stokes-Adams Syndrome |
| Bleeding that occurs between the arachnoid and dura mater of the brain | Subarachnoid Hemorrhage |
| An illness of unknown etiology that occurs during the first year of life, with the peak at ages 2 to 4 months | Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) |
| A toxic condition characterized by tachycardia, nervous symptoms, and rapid metabolism due to hyperactivity of the thyroid gland | Thyrotoxicosis |
| Ringing or tingling in the ears | Tinnitus |
| The process of stopping labor | Tocolysis |
| Small surgical opening that a surgeon makes from the anterior neck into the trachea, held open by a metal or plastic tube | Tracheostomy |
| A reversible interruption of blood flow to the brain that is often seen as a precursor to a stroke | Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) |
| The ability of the skin to return to its normal appearance after being subjected to pressure | Turgor |
| The number of pillows needed to ease the difficulty of breathing while laying down | Two-Pillow Orthopnea |
| Structure containing 2 arteries and 1 vein that connects the placenta and the fetus | Umbilical Cord |
| Septicemia originating from the urinary tract | Urosepsis |
| The surgical division of the urinary tract to a stoma, or hole, in the abdominal wall | Urostomy |
| a hollow, thick-walled, muscular, inverted-pear-shaped organ that connects with the vagina and functions as a site for fetal development | Uterus |
| Stimulation of the vagus nerve, causing a parasympathetic response | Vagal Stimulation |
| An abnormal dilation of a vein or group of veins | Varicosities |
| The sensation of faintness of dizziness; may cause a loss of balance | Vertigo |
| The collective term for the female external genitalia (vulva) | Pudendum |
| A hormone produced by the ovaries that causes the endometrium to thicken and become engorged with blood in preparation for implantation of a fertilized ovum | Estrogen |
| The primary female gonads | Ovaries |
| The neck of the uterus that extends from the narrowest portion of the uterus to connect with the vagina | Cervix |
| A hormone produced by the corpus luteum during the second half of the menstrual cycle until the placenta can take over | Progesterone |
| The upper two-thirds of the uterus that consists of 3 layers of tissue that make up the uterine wall | Body |
| The rounded uppermost portion of the body of the uterus that lies just above the point at which the fallopian tubes attach | Fundus |
| The inner and outer folds of the vulva that protects the vagina and urethra | Labia |
| How many weeks is considered a term pregnancy? | 38 weeks |
| How does measuring work in relation to the fundus and weeks of gestation in pregnancy? | 1 cm = 1 week |
| The fundus height is measured from the ___ to the top of the fundus | Pubic Symphysis |
| Where does fertilization occur? | The distal 3rd of the fallopian tube |
| What disease is the most common cause of abdominal pain in women of childbearing years? | PID |
| What are the 2 leading causes of PID? | Chlamydia and Gonorrhea |
| Painless and infrequent uterine contractions in preparation for the birthing process | Braxton Hick’s Contractions |
| The thin flexible tubes that conduct the egg from the space around the ovaries into the uterine cavity via peristalsis | Fallopian Tubes |
| Superficial edema and bruising around the umbilicus | Cullen's Sign |
| What is the leading cause of maternal death during the 1st trimester of pregnancy? | Ectopic Pregnancy |
| How does the length of the urethra in females make them more susceptible to bladder infections? | Bacteria is able to travel more easily up the urinary tract |
| a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles until one matures enough to release an ovum | Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) |
| a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that surges on the 14th day of the menstrual cycle and causes ovulation to occur | Luteinizing Hormone (LH) |
| a small yellowish body of cells that develops from the ruptured follicle during ovulation and continues to produce progesterone for a fertilized ovum until the placenta can take over | Corpus Luteum |
| The period of time from ovulation to menstruation is how many days? | 14 days |
| The phase of the menstrual cycle that is dominated by estrogen, which causes the endometrium to thicken and become engorged with blood. | Proliferate Phase |
| The phase of the menstrual cycle immediately surrounding ovulation in which estrogen levels drop sharply and progesterone levels quickly rise. | Secretory Phase |
| The phase of the menstrual cycle that occurs if fertilization does not take place, causing the endometrium to become pale and small blood vessels to rupture | Ischemic Phase |
| The phase of the menstrual cycle during which the endometrium is shed along with a discharge of blood, mucus, and cellular debris | Menstrual Phase |
| During menstruation, the average amount of blood loss is __mL | 50 mL |
| What is the most common emergency gynecological complaint from women? | Abdominal Pain |
| What is the second most common emergency gynecological complaint from women? | Vaginal Bleeding |
| Term used to describe the number of times a woman has been pregnant | Gravida |
| Term used to describe the number of times a woman has given birth | Para |
| What is the most common cause of non-traumatic vaginal bleeding? | Spontaneous Abortion |
| If a woman has intercourse 24-48 hours before ovulation, then ___ can occur | Fertilization |
| a hollow ball of cells | Blastocyst |
| the period of time from conception until the delivery of the fetus | Prenatal Period |
| the umbilical ___ transport oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus | Vein |
| the umbilical ___ transport mostly deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta | Arteries |
| By the end of pregnancy, the uterus weighs roughly 1000g (a little over 2lbs) and has a fluid capacity of ___ mL | 5,000 mL |
| A protective collective of thickened mucous over the cervix that serves as a protective barrier and helps prevent infections | Mucus Plug |
| a clear mucous-like tissue that insulates and protects the umbilical arteries and vein | Wharton's Jelly |
| During pregnancy, the mother's blood volume will roughly increase by ___% | 45% |
| How much blood loss can a pregnant female suffer before there is a significant change in vital signs? | 30-35% |
| a decrease in blood pressure that occurs when a pregnant woman lays supine and the gravid uterus compresses the inferior vena cava | Supine Hypotensive Syndrome |
| Each trimester is ___ weeks in length | 13 weeks |
| The stage of pregnancy that consists of the first 14 days after conception | Preembryonic Stage |
| The stage of pregnancy that begins at day 15 and ends at 8 weeks | Embryonic Stage |
| The stage of pregnancy that begins at 8 weeks gestation and continues until delivery | Fetal Stage |
| At how many weeks can fetal heart tones be auscultated via stethoscope? | 20 weeks |
| At how many weeks can the sex of the fetus be determined? | 16 weeks |
| the time interval prior to the birth of the fetus | Antepartum |
| the time interval after the birth of the fetus | Postpartum |
| A woman who is pregnant for the 1st time | Primigravida |
| A woman who has given birth for the 1st time | Primipara |
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sarah.thomas32
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