Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
biology
biology for human anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| provides a means of regulating the movement of substances across the plasma membrane. These proteins include channels, carriers and pumps | Transport Proteins |
| Bind ligands such as neurotransmitters and hormones. | Cell Surface Receptors |
| Proteins or glycoproteins that communicate to other cells that they belong to the body | Identity Markers |
| Catalyze chemical reactions and may be attached either to the internal or external surface of a cell | Enzyme |
| Proteins that secure the cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane | Anchoring Sites |
| Form a cell to cell attachment | Cell-Adhesion proteins |
| Movement of fluids through a selectively permeable membrane cause by hydrostatic pressure is referred to as | Filtration |
| The pressure exerted by a fluid on the inside wall of its container ( or vessel in the human body) is | Hydrostatic Pressure |
| The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration describes what | Simply Diffusion |
| Fluid movement away from high solvent concentration or towards high solute concentration describes what | Osmosis |
| The movement of small, polar molecules across the plasma membrane by a carrier protein is called | Carrier Mediated diffusion |
| Catabolic process by which fatty acid molecules are broken down in the mitochondria | Beta Oxidation |
| Term used for a cell with a nucleus | Eukaryote |
| Term used for a cell with out a nucleus | Prokaryote |
| The process that cells preform to break down sugar and turn it into energy to preform work at the cellular level, has three stages: Glycosis,Krebs(citric acid) cycle, electron transport | Cellular Respiration |
| The passive movement of water through a semipermeable membrane; Movement occurs in response to difference in relative concentration of water on either side of the membrane and continues until equilibrium is reached | Osmosis |
| The ability of an extracellular solution to make water move into or out of a cell by osmosis | Tonicity |
| When interstitial fluid and cytosol are of the same concentration | Isotonic |
| When a solution has a high concentration of solute on the outside of a cell than on the inside | Hypertonic |
| When a solution has a lower concentration of solute on the outside of a cell than on the inside | Hypotonic |
| The fluid and everything floating in it, inside the cell;n to include the cytosol | Cytoplasma |
| The watery material in the cell and ions and materials that are dissolved in it | Cytosol |
| Made up of lipids and proteins and is a bi layer membrane that allows materials to enter and exit the cell | Plasma Membrane Cell Membrane |
| Contains the DNA | Nucleus |
| Unwound chromosomes are | Chromatin |
| Responsible for the production of proteins, have large and small sub units, are non membrane bound, can be attached to the endoplasmic reticulum or free | Bound Ribosomes Free Ribosomes |
| Short hair like extensions, contain microtubule proteins, found in large numbers, found in the respiratory to help move mucas, uses ATP for energy | Cilia |
| Long whip like extension, tail on Sperm cell, used to move cell,uses ATP for energy | Flagelia |
| Microscopic membrane extensions of the plasma membrane, smaller than the cilia, more densely packed, in areas like the small intestine as to increase the surface area | Microvilli |
| Organelle with a series of connected flattened sacs, next to the nucleus, main function is to produce proteins, has ribosomes attached to the surface | Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| Organelle that is involved in the synthesis and storage of lipids to include cholesterol and phospholipids and is also next to the nucleus, has no ribosomes attached to it | Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| Organelle that modifies, sorts and packages proteins for secretion, involved in the transport of lipids around the cell and the creation of Lysosomes, is part on the endomembrane sys. | Golgi Apparatus |
| Organelle that contains digestive enzymes, digest excess or worn out organelles, food particles and viruses and bacteria by autophagy. | Lysosome |
| When a living cell receives a signal to initiate its own controlled death | Apoptosis |
| The destruction of damaged or dying cells by the lysosome releasing digestive enzymes | Autolysis |
| Organelle that breaks down Hydrogen peroxide into water and hydrogen, smaller than a lysosome, has 50 enzymes | Peroxisomes |
| A group of membranes and organelles that work together to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins. rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulums, golgi apparatus, lysosomes,vesicles,and the nuclear envelope and the plasma membrane | Endomembrane System |
| Organelld that creates ATP through cell respiration, has its own DNA, functions in the apoptosis operation | Mitochondria |
| Organelle close in proximity of the nucleus, contains a pair of centrioles, used during mitosis for the movement of chromosomes. | Centrosomes |
| Organelle that is barrel shaped, digest only proteins using ATP | Proteasomes |
| Skeleton of the cell, made from actin proteins, supports the cell and organizes organelles, 3 types | Cytoskeleton |
| The smallest component that is made from actin proteins, Forms an interlacing network of protein on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane that forms the structural support of the cell | Microfilament |
| The middle sized cytoskeleton , less flexible , can be found as keratin protein | Intermediate Filaments |
| The largest component of the cytoskeleton , made of tubulin protein monomers, formed during cellular division as spindle fibers, responsible for directing movement of organelles and vesicles | Microtubules |
| Cell junction that prevents substances from passing between cells | Tight Junction |
| Cell junction that leaves space between the cells but are anchored to one another by protein elements, these junctions are exposed to stress | Desmosomes |
| Cell junction that has a tunnel that connects the cells together, called connexons, that allows substances to move between cells into the cytosol, like ions, glucose, amino acids | Gap Junctions |
| A process that occurs in the cytosol and has two steps, 1. transcription and 2. translation | Protein Synthesis |
| Is composed of repeating ribonucleotide monomers | Ribonucleic Acid RNA |
| The two phases of the cell cycle | Interphase and Mitosis |
| Three phases of Interphase in the cell cycle | G1, S, G2 |
| Longest phase in the interphase | S phase |
| Four steps of the Mitotic phase | Prophase,Metaphase,Anaphase.and Telophase |
| In which phase of mitosis does chromatin become tightly wound, the nuclear membrane starts to break down and centrosomes start to migrate to opposite sides of the cell and spindle fibers start to appear | Prophase |
| What indicate the end of Prophase | The nuclear envelope is dissolved or disassembled |
| In which phase of mitosis does the centrosomes pull the on the sister chromotids, bringing a chromotid and its centromere, now called a chromosome, towards opposite sides of the cell | Anaphase |
| In which phase of mitosis does the centrosomes attach to the centromeres and position the sister chromotids at the equatorial plate | Metaphase |
| In which phase of mitosis does the reverse of Prophase happen, the chromoses start to uncoil, nucleus envelope develops, spindle fibers break up and dissapear and cell starts to divide | Telophase |
| The division of the cytoplasm in the mitotic phase of the cell cycle, daughter cells are formed, overlaps with anaphase and telophase | Cytokinesis |
| Term used for energy requiring, like that in the synthesis of ATP | Endergonic |
| Term used for energy releasing, like in cellular respiration for cell activity | Exergonic |
| What is catabolism | Breaking molecules down to smaller units by a metabolic pathway |
| What is anabolism | Building complex molecules from simply one by a metabolic pathway |
Created by:
scones and joe
Popular Nursing sets