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cell membrane

QuestionAnswer
What is the function of the cell membrane? Maintains chemical composition by regulating what goes in/out, composed of lipids and proteins
What is the fluid mosaic model? phospholipid bilayer with cholesterols and membrane proteins. hydrophobic tails face each other in water-free space, heads face watery regions.
What are the types of passive transport? simple diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion
What is the concentration gradient? where areas move from high to low concentrations
What is simple diffusion? hydrophobic substances (i.e. CO2, O, cholesterol) move from high to low concentration
What is facilitated diffusion? non-hydrophobic substances (can't interact with oily barrier) move from high to low concentration through protein channels that open/close
What is osmosis? water moves from low to high concentration through water channels (osmoreceptros) - because concentration refers to solute concentration*
What does hypotonic mean? the medium that is hypotonic has a relatively lower concentration
What does hypertonic mean? the medium that is hypertonic has a relatively higher concentration
What happens when the environment is hypertonic? water flows out of the cell, cell shrinks
What happens when the environment is hypotonic? water flows in, cell swells and bursts
What does isotonic mean? both mediums have the same concentration level, zero net flow
What is active transport? uses energy to move solutes from low to high concentration. it relies on membrane proteins
What is large particle transport? method by which large items are moved across cell membrane (into or out of the cell)
What are the types of large particle transport? into - endocytosis, out of - exocytosis
What is endocytosis? cell takes in particle by surrounding and engulfing it within a vesicle.
What are the types of endocytosis? phago (solid), pino (fluid)
What is phagocytosis? cell takes in large solid food particles that it then digests.
What is pinocytosis? cell takes in drops of cellular fluid containing dissolved nutrients
What is exocytosis? particle in vesicle in cell is released to outside by fusing vesicle with cell membrane
Created by: yanguin
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