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EMT Chapter 5: Terms
Medical Terms and Abbreviations
| Question | Answer | |
|---|---|---|
| Cardi | Heart | |
| Hepat | Liver | |
| Nephr | Kidney | |
| Neur | Nerves | |
| Psych | Mind | |
| Thorac | Chest | |
| Hyper- | Over, Excessive, High | |
| Hypo- | Under, Below Normal | |
| Tachy- | Rapid, Fast | |
| Brady- | Slow | |
| Pre- | Before | |
| Post- | After, Behind | |
| -al | Pertaining To | |
| -algia | Pertaining To Pain | |
| alges | Pain | |
| -ectomy | Surgical Removal Of | |
| -ic | Pertaining To | |
| -itis | Inflamation | |
| -logy | Study Of | |
| -logist | Specialist | |
| -megaly | Enlargement Of | |
| -oma | Tumor (Usually Cancer) | |
| -pathy | Disease | |
| Uni- | One | |
| Dipl- | Two, Double | |
| Null- | None | |
| Primi- | First | |
| Multi- | Many | |
| Bi- | Two, Double | |
| Tri- | Three | |
| Quad- | Four | |
| Tetra- | Four | |
| Quint- | Five | |
| Sexti- | Six | |
| Septi- | Seven | |
| Oct- | Eight | |
| Nona- | Nine | |
| Deca- | Ten | |
| Semi- | Half, Partial | |
| Hemi- | Half, One Sided | |
| Ambi- | Both | |
| Pan- | All, Entire | |
| Cyan/O | Blue | |
| Leuk/O | White | |
| Erythr/O | Red | |
| Cirrh/O | Yellow/Orange | |
| Melan/O | Black | |
| Poli/O | Gray | |
| Alb- | White | |
| Chlor/O | Green | |
| Ab- | Away From | |
| Ad- | To, Toward | |
| De- | Down From, Away | |
| Circum- | Around, About | |
| Peri- | Around, About | |
| Trans | Arcross, Through, Beyond | |
| Epi- | Above, Upon, On | |
| Supra- | Above, Over | |
| Retro- | Behind | |
| Sub- | Under, Beneath | |
| Infra- | Below, Under | |
| Para- | Near, Beside, Beyond, Apart From | |
| Contra- | Against, Opposite | |
| Exto- | Out, Outside | |
| Endo- | Within | |
| Intra- | Inside, Within | |
| Extra- | Outside, In Addition | |
| Ipsi | Same | |
| Flexion | The bending of a joint | |
| Extension | The straightening of a joint | |
| Adduction | Motion toward the midline | |
| Abduction | motion awar from the midline | |
| Fowler Position | Semi-reclining position with head elevated to help breathe easier and control the airway | |
| Semi-Fowler | Sitting at a 45 degree angle | |
| High-Fowler | Sitting at a 90 degree angle | |
| Apex | The tip of a structure | |
| 1˚ | First, first degree, primary | |
| 2˚ | Secondary, second degree | |
| ↑ | Increase | |
| ↓ | Decrease | |
| ® | Right | |
| (L) | Left | |
| μ | Micro | |
| Α | Alpha | |
| Β | Beta | |
| ~ | approximately | |
| N | normal | |
| X2 | times two | |
| / | per | |
| ≠ | not equal | |
| > | greater than | |
| < | less than | |
| ? | questionable, possible | |
| Δ | change | |
| - | negative | |
| Female | ||
| Male | ||
| ABC | Airway, Breathing, Circulation | |
| ALS | Advanced Life Support | |
| APGAR | Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration | |
| ASA | Aspirin | |
| AVPU | Alert, Verbal, Pain, Unresponsive | |
| BLS | Basic Life Support | |
| BSI | Body Substance Isolation | |
| BVM | Bag Valve Mask | |
| CSF | Cerebral Spinal Fluid | |
| CVA | Cerebral Vascular Accident | |
| CC | Chief Complaint | |
| CHF | Congestive Heart Failure | |
| COPD | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | |
| CPR | Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation | |
| DCAPBTLS | Deformities, Contusions, Abrasions, Punctures/Penetrations, Burns, Tenderness, Lacerations, Swelling | |
| DNR | Do Not Resuscitate | |
| DOA | Dead On Arrival | |
| EKG | Electrocardiogram | |
| EMS | Emergency Medical Services | |
| EMT | Emergency Medical Technician | |
| ETT | Endotracheal Tube | |
| GCS | Glascow Coma Scale (Eye, voice and motor) | |
| GSW | Gun Shot Wound | |
| Hx | History | |
| HTN | Hypertension | |
| JVD | Jugular Vein Distention | |
| KED | Kendrick Extrication Device | |
| LLQ | Left Lower Quadrant | |
| LOC | Level Of Consciousness | |
| LUQ | Left Upper Quadrant | |
| MOI | Mechanism of Injury | |
| MVA | Motor Vehicle Accident | |
| MVC | Motor Vehicle Collision | |
| NC | Nasal Cannula | |
| NOI | Nature of Illness | |
| NPA | Nasopharyngeal Airway | |
| OD | Overdose | |
| OPA | Oropharyngeal Airway | |
| OPQRST | Onset, Provokes, Quality, Radiation, Severity (1-10), Time | |
| PERRL | Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to Light | |
| PPE | Personal Protective Equipment | |
| RLQ | Right Lower Quadrant | |
| RUQ | Right Upper Quadrant | |
| SAMPLE | Signs and symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Pertinent past history, Last oral intake, Events leading up to problem | |
| SOB | Shortness of Breath | |
| TX | Transport | |
| VS | Vital Signs | |
| Anterior | Front | |
| Distal | Further from midline (in an extremity, further from the trunk) | |
| Dorsal | Toward the Spine | |
| Andr | Man,Male | |
| Angi | Vessel | |
| Angin | Blood Vessel | |
| Ankyl | Fused, Stiff | |
| Anter | Front | |
| Aort | Aorta | |
| Append | Appendix | |
| Arteri | Artery | |
| Arthr | Joint | |
| Asthen | Weak | |
| Atel | Incomplete | |
| Athero | Fat | |
| Arti | Atrium | |
| Audi | To Hear | |
| Aur | Ear | |
| Sut | Self | |
| Bacteri | Bacteria | |
| Bil | Bile | |
| Blast | Germ, Bud, Developing Cell | |
| Blephar | Eyelid | |
| Brachi | Arm | |
| Bronch | Airway, Bronchus | |
| Bucc | Cheek | |
| Burs | Pouch Or Sac | |
| Calc | Calcium | |
| Carp | Wrist | |
| Cartil | Cartilage, Gristle | |
| Caud | Tail | |
| Cec | Blind Intestine, Cecum | |
| Cel | Hernia, Protrusion | |
| Cent/E | To Puncture | |
| Cent/I | A Fraction In The Metric System | |
| Cephal | Head | |
| Cerebr | Brain/Cerebrum | |
| Cervic | Neck | |
| Chol | Bile | |
| Chondr | Cartilage | |
| Chrom | Color | |
| Chron | Times Two | |
| Clied | Clavicle | |
| Col | Colon | |
| Colp | Vagina | |
| Condyl | Knuckle Of A Joint | |
| Cor | Pupil | |
| Corne | Cornea | |
| Cost | Rib | |
| Crani | Cranium, Skull | |
| Crin | To Secrete | |
| Cubitus | Elbow | |
| Cutane | Skin | |
| Cycl | Circle Or Cycle | |
| Cyst | Bladder | |
| Cyt | Cell | |
| Derm | Skin | |
| Digit | Finger Or Toe | |
| Dips | Thirst | |
| Disk | Flat Shape, Intervertebral Disk | |
| Diverticl | Diverticulum, A Small Blind Pouch | |
| Duct | Lead, Move | |
| Duoden | Douodenum | |
| Ech | To Bounce, Sound | |
| Ede | Swelling | |
| Elast | Change Shape | |
| Electr | Electricity | |
| Embol | A Plug | |
| Embry | Embryo | |
| Emesis | Vomit | |
| Emmer | According To Measure | |
| Enchephal | Brain/Cerebrum | |
| Enter | Small Intestine | |
| Episi | Vulva | |
| Erythr | Red | |
| Esthesi | Sensation Or Perception | |
| Febr | Fever | |
| Flex | Bend | |
| Foramen | Opening | |
| Fract | Break | |
| Gastr | Stomach | |
| Gest | Carry, Produce Congestion | |
| Glyc | Sugar, Sweet | |
| Gno | Know | |
| Hem | Blood Vessel | |
| Gyn | Woman, Female | |
| Heter | Other, Different | |
| Hom | The Same | |
| Hydr | Water | |
| Idi | Person, Self | |
| Lact | Milk | |
| Lingu | Tongue | |
| Mal | Abnormal | |
| Medi | Middle | |
| Men | Month, Menstruation | |
| Mening | Membrane, Usually Refers To The Meninges | |
| Myel | Marraw Or Spinal Cord | |
| My | Muscle | |
| Ocul | Eye | |
| Opthalm | Eye | |
| Oste | Bone | |
| Ot | Ear | |
| Ov | Egg | |
| Palpate | To Examine By Touch | |
| Path | Disease | |
| Ped | Child Or Foot | |
| Percuss | To Examine By Striking | |
| Phag | Eat | |
| Pharyng | Throat | |
| Phto | Light | |
| Pleur | Rib, Side | |
| Pneum | Lungs, Air | |
| Pneumo | Lungs, Air | |
| Pod | Foot | |
| Pseud | False | |
| Pto | Fall | |
| Ptyal | Saliva | |
| Pulmon | Lungs | |
| Pur, Py | Pus | |
| Pyr | Fire, Heat | |
| Quadr | Four | |
| Ren | Kidney | |
| Rhin | Nose | |
| Sangui | Blood | |
| Scler | Hard | |
| Sebum | A Fatty Secretion Of The Sebaceous Glands | |
| Sect | Cut | |
| Sept | Wall, Divider, Also Seven | |
| Serum | The Clear Portion Of Body Fluids, Including Blood | |
| Sinus | Cavity, Channel, Or Hollow Space | |
| Som | Body | |
| Spir | Coil, To Breath | |
| Stern | Sternum | |
| Stomat | Mouth | |
| Tom | Cut | |
| Toxic | Poisonous | |
| Trich | Hair | |
| Ur | Urine | |
| Uter | Uterus, Womb | |
| Varic | Dilated Vein | |
| Vas | Blood Vessel | |
| Viscer | Internal Organs | |
| Xen | Foreign | |
| Xer | Dry | |
| A- | Without, Lack Of | |
| An- | Without, Lack Of | |
| Ana- | Up, Back, Again | |
| Ante- | Before, Forward | |
| Anti- | Against, Opposite | |
| Auto- | Self | |
| Di- | Twice, Double | |
| Dia- | Through, Completely | |
| Dys- | Difficult, Painful, Abnormal | |
| Ect- | Out, Outside | |
| End- | Within | |
| Eu- | Easy, Good, Normal | |
| Ex- | Outside, Away From | |
| In- | In, Into, Not, Without | |
| Inter- | Between | |
| Ipsi- | Same | |
| Iso- | Equal | |
| Macro- | Large | |
| Mal- | Bad Or Abnormal | |
| Mega- | Large | |
| Meta- | After, Change | |
| Micro- | Small Intestine | |
| Mono- | One, Single | |
| Neo- | New | |
| Noct- | Night | |
| Nulli- | None | |
| Olig- | Little, Deficient | |
| Ortho- | Straight Or Normal | |
| Per- | Through | |
| Poly- | Many | |
| Pro- | Before, In Front Of | |
| Quadr- | Four | |
| Re- | Back | |
| Super- | Above Or Excess | |
| Sym- | Together, Joined | |
| Syn- | Together, Joined | |
| Trans- | Across, Throug, Beyond | |
| -Asthenia | Weakness | |
| -Blast | Immature Cell | |
| -Cele | Pertaining To A Tumor Or Swelling | |
| -Centesis | Pertaining To Puncturing An Organ Or Body Cavity, Often To Drain Excess Fluid Or Obtain A Sample For Analysis | |
| -Cyte | Cell | |
| -Emesis | Vomiting | |
| -Emia | Pertaining To The Presence Of A Substance In The Blood | |
| -Esthia | Pertaining To Sensation Or Perception | |
| -Genic | Causing | |
| -Gram | Record | |
| -Graph | A Record Or The Instrument Used To Create The Record | |
| -Ia | Condition Of | |
| -Lysis | Decline, Disintegration, Or Destruction | |
| -Meter | Measuring Instrument | |
| -Ology | Science Or Study | |
| -Osis | Pertaining To A Disease Process | |
| -Ostomy | Surgical Creation Of An Opening | |
| -Phagia | Pertaining To Eating Or Swallowing | |
| -Phasia | Pertaining To Speech | |
| -Phobia | Pertaining To An Irrational Fear | |
| -Plasty | Plastic Surgery | |
| -Plegia | Paralysis | |
| -Pnea | Pertaining To Breathing | |
| -Ptosis | Drooping | |
| -Rrhage | Abnormal Or Excessive Flow Or Discharge | |
| -Rrhagia | Abnormal Or Excessive Flow Or Discharge | |
| -Rrhaphy | Suture Of, Repair Of | |
| -Rrhea | Flow Or Discharge | |
| -Scope | Instrument For Examination | |
| -Scopy | Examination With An Instrument | |
| -Sis | A Process, Action, Or Condition | |
| -Stasis | Slowing Or Stopping Of The Normal Flow Of A Fluid, Such A Blood | |
| -Taxis | Order, Arrangement Of | |
| -Trophic | Pertaining To Nutrition | |
| A&P | Anatomy And Physiology | |
| Ā | Before | |
| AAA | Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | |
| ABD | Abdomen | |
| AC | Before Meals | |
| ACLS | Advanced Cardiac Life Support | |
| ADL | Activities Of Daily Life | |
| Ad Lib | As Desired | |
| AED | Automated External Definrillator | |
| AF, A-Fib | Atrial Fibrilation | |
| AICD | Automated Implatable Cardioverter Defibrillator | |
| AIDS | Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome | |
| AK | Above The Knee | |
| AKA | Above The Knee Amputation | |
| AMA | Against Medical Advice | |
| amb | Ambulatory | |
| AMI | Acute Myocardial Infarction | |
| ant | Anterior | |
| AO X 4 | Alert And Oriented To Person, Place, Time, And Self | |
| AP | Anteroposterior, Front-To-Back, Action Potential, Angina Pectoralis, Anterior Pituitary, Arterial Pressure | |
| ARDS | Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome | |
| ASHD | Arteriosclerotic Or Atherosclerotic Heart Disease | |
| BGL | Blood Glucose Level | |
| BID | Twice Daily | |
| BKA | Below The Knee Amputation | |
| BM | Bowel Movement | |
| BP | Blood Pressure | |
| BPM | Beats Per Minute | |
| BS | Blood Sugar,, Breath Sounds, Bowel Sounds, Bachelor Of Science Degree | |
| BSA | Body Surface Area | |
| bx | Biopsy | |
| c͞ | With | |
| °C | Degrees Celsius | |
| CA | Cancer, Cardiac Arrest, Chronologic Age, Coronary Arter, Cold Agglutinin | |
| CABG | Coronary Artery Bypass Graft | |
| CAD | Coronary Artery Disease | |
| CBC | Complete Blood Cell Count | |
| CC or C/C | Chief Complaint | |
| CCU | Coronary Care Unit | |
| C diff | Clostridium Difficile | |
| cm | Centimeter | |
| CNS | Central Nervous System | |
| c/o | Complaining Of | |
| CO | Cardiac Output | |
| CO2 | Carbon Dioxide | |
| COLD | Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease | |
| CP | Chest Pain, Chemically Pure, Cerebral Palsy | |
| CRNA | Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist | |
| CRT | Capillary Refill Time, Cathode Ray Tube | |
| DM | Diabetes Mellitus | |
| DOE | Dyspnea On Exertion | |
| DON | Director Of Nursing | |
| DPT | Diptheria And Tetanus Toxoids And Pertussis Vaccine, Doctor Of Physical Therapy | |
| DSD | Dry Sterile Dressing | |
| DtaP | Diptheria And Tetanus Toxoids And Pertussis Vaccine | |
| DTP | Diptheria And Tetanus Toxoids And Pertussis Vaccine | |
| DTs | Delirium Tremens | |
| DVT | Deep Venous Thrombosis | |
| Dx | Diagnosis | |
| ECG | Electrocardiogram | |
| ED | Emergency Department, Erectile Dysfunction | |
| EDC | Estimated Date Of Confinement | |
| EEG | Electroencephalogram | |
| ENT | Ear, Nose, And Throat | |
| EOC | Emergency Operations Center | |
| ER | Emergency Room | |
| ET | Endotracheal Tube | |
| ETA | Estimated Time Of Arrival | |
| ETCO2 | End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide | |
| ETOH | Ethyl Alcohol | |
| °F | Degrees Fahrenheit | |
| FIO2 | Fraction Of Inspired Oxygen | |
| FBS | Fasting Blood Sugar | |
| Fe | Iron | |
| FHR | Fetal Heart Rate | |
| fl or fld | Fluid | |
| fx | Fracture | |
| GB | Gall Bladder | |
| GERD | Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease | |
| GI | Gastrointestinal | |
| gtt | Drops | |
| GTT | Glucose Tolerance Test | |
| GU | Genitourinary | |
| h | Hour | |
| H&P | History And Physical | |
| HA | Headache | |
| Hb, Hgb | Hemoglobin | |
| hbv | Hepatitus B Virus | |
| Hct | Hematocrit | |
| HCV | Hepatitus C Virus | |
| HH | Hiatal Hernia | |
| HIV | Human Immunodeficiency Virus | |
| H2O | Water | |
| HPI | History Of Present Illness | |
| HR | Heart Rate | |
| hr | Hour | |
| I&O | Intake And Output | |
| ICP | Intracranial Pressure | |
| ICS | Incident Command System, Intercostal Space | |
| ICU | Intensive Care Unit | |
| IDDM | Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus | |
| IM | Intramuscular | |
| IMS | Incident Management System | |
| IO | ||
| IPPB | Intermittent Positive-Pressure Breathing | |
| IUD | Intrauterine Contraceptive Device | |
| IV | Intravenous | |
| kg | Kilogram | |
| LE | Lower Extremity, Left Eye, Lupus Erythematosus | |
| LLL | Left Lower Lobe Of The Lung | |
| LPM | Liters Per Minute | |
| LUL | Left Upper Lobe Of The Lung | |
| LVAD | Left Ventricular Assist Device | |
| MAE | Moves All Extremities | |
| MAEW | Moves All Extremities Well | |
| mg | Milligram | |
| MI | Myocardial Infarction | |
| MICU | Mobile Intensive Care Unit, Medical Intensive Care Unit | |
| min | Minute | |
| mL | Milliliter | |
| mm | Millimiter | |
| mm Hg | Millimeters Of Mercury | |
| MRI | Magnetic Resonance Imaging | |
| MRSA | Methicillin-Resistance Staphylococcus Aureus | |
| MVP | Mitral Valve Prolapse | |
| NA, N/A | Not Applicable | |
| NAD | No Apparent Distress, No Appreciable Disease | |
| NG | Nasogastric | |
| NICU | Neonatal Intensive Care Unit | |
| NIDDM | Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus | |
| NKA | No Known Allergies | |
| NKDA | No Known Drug Allergies | |
| NPO | Nil Per Os (Nothing By Mouth) | |
| NRB, NRBM | Nonrebreathing Mask | |
| NS | Normal Saline | |
| NSR | Normal Sinus Rhythm | |
| NTG | Nitroglycerin | |
| N/V | Nausea And Vomiting | |
| N/V/D | Nausea, Vomiting, And Diarrhea | |
| O2 | Oxygen | |
| OB | Obstetrics | |
| OBS | Organic Brain Syndrome | |
| OP | Outpatient | |
| OR | Operating Room | |
| OS | Left Eye | |
| OU | Both Eyes | |
| oz | Ounce | |
| p͞ | After | |
| pc | After Meals | |
| PCO2 | Partial Pressure Of Carbon Dioxide | |
| PDR | Physician'S Desk Reference | |
| PE | Pulmonary Embolism, Physical Examination | |
| PEARL or PERL | Pupils Equal And Reactive To Light | |
| PERLA | Pupils Equal And Reactive To Light And Accomodation | |
| PEARRL | Pupils Equal And Round, Regular In Size, React To Light | |
| Ped or Peds | Pediatric | |
| PEEP | Positive End-Expiratory Pressure | |
| PID | Pelvic Inflamatory Disease | |
| PMH | Past Medical History | |
| PND | Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea | |
| po | Per Os (By Mouth) | |
| PO | Postoperative, Post-Op | |
| PRN | Pro Re Nata (As Needed) | |
| psi | Pounds Per Square Inch | |
| PSVT | Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia | |
| pt | Patient | |
| PT | Physical Therapy, Prothrombin Time | |
| PTA | Prior To Admission, Plasma Thromboplastin Antecedent | |
| PTT | Partial Thromboplastin Time | |
| PVC | Premature Ventricular Contraction, Polyvinyl Chloride | |
| PVD | Peripheral Vascular Disease | |
| q | Every | |
| RA | Rheumatoid Arthritis, Right Atrium | |
| RAD | Reactive Airway Disease, Right Axis Deviation | |
| RBC | Red Blood Cell | |
| Rh | Rhesus Blood Factor, Rhodium | |
| RLL | Right Lower Lobe Of The Lung | |
| RN | Registered Nurse | |
| R/O | Rule Out | |
| ROM | Range Of Motion | |
| RUL | Right Upper Lobe Of The Lung | |
| Rx | Prescription | |
| s͞ | Without | |
| Sao2 | Oxygen Saturation | |
| SC | Subcutaneous | |
| SICU | Surgical Intensive Unit | |
| SIDS | Sudden Infant Death Syndrome | |
| SL | Sublingual | |
| Spo2 | Satuarion Of Peripheral Oxygen | |
| S/S, S&S | Signs And Symptoms | |
| stat | Immediately | |
| STD | Sexually Transmitted Disease | |
| STEMI | St-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction | |
| subcut | Subcutaneous | |
| SVT | Supraventricular Tachycardia | |
| sym or Sx | Symptoms | |
| T | Temperature | |
| tab | Tablet | |
| TB | Tuberculosis | |
| TBA | To Be Admitted, To Be Announced | |
| tech | Technician, Technologist | |
| TIA | Transient Ischemic Attack | |
| TID | Three Times A Day | |
| UA | Urinalysis | |
| UE | Upper Extremity | |
| URI | Upper Respiratory Infection | |
| UTI | Urinary Tract Infection | |
| VD | Venereal Disease | |
| VF, V Fib | Ventricular Tachycardia | |
| w/ | With | |
| WBC | White Blood Cell | |
| WMD | Weapons Of Mass Destruction | |
| WNL | Within Normal Limits | |
| W/O | Without | |
| wt | Weight | |
| x͞ | Except | |
| yo, y/o | Years Old | |
| superficial | Closer to the skin, on the surface | |
| deep | farther from the skin, under the surface | |
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