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Ch 28-29

QuestionAnswer
Acute heart failure sudden change in the heart's ability to contract
Acute pulmonary edema complication of left-sided heart failure when pulmonary capillaries and alveoli become engorged with blood, causing the lungs to rapidly fill with fluid, resulting in acute respiratory distress
Afterload force that the ventricle must overcome to empty its diastolic volume
Aldosterone adrenal hormone that causes salt and water to be reabsorbed, increasing blood pressure
Beta-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) cardio protective neurohormone that functions to decrease blood pressure by increasing excretion of sodium and water, promoting arterial dilation, and counteracting renin, angiotensin, and aldosterone
Cardiac resynchronization therapy technique that restores synchrony in the contractions of the right and left ventricles using a biventricular pacemaker
Cardiogenic pulmonary edema condition in which the left ventricle becomes incapable of maintaining sufficient output of blood with each contraction
Cardiomyoplasty surgical procedure in which a client's own chest muscle (latissimus dorsi) is grafted to the aorta and wrapped around the heart to augment ineffective myocardial muscle contraction
Chronic heart failure disorder in which the heart's ability to pump effectively is compromised for an extended period of time
Congestive heart failure accumulation of blood and fluid within organs and tissues as a result of ineffective heart contraction
Cor pulmonale disorder in which pulmonary disease causes the right ventricle to enlarge or fail
Destination therapy mechanical circulatory support when there is no option for a heart transplant
Ejection fraction percentage of blood the left ventricle ejects when it contracts
Heart failure inability of the heart to pump sufficient blood to meet the body's metabolic needs
Inotropic medications drugs that improve myocardial contractility
Intra-aortic balloon pump device that acts as a temporary, secondary pump to supplement ineffectual contraction of the heart's left ventricle
Left-sided heart failure condition that results from various conditions that impair the left ventricle's ability to eject blood into the aorta
Multiple gated acquisition (MUGA) scan most accurate noninvasive test that that can measure the left ventricle's ejection fraction during rest and activity
Myocardial oxygen demand amount of oxygen the heart needs to perform its work
Orthopneic position sitting position in which the client leans on several pillows on the overbed table -tripod position
Phlebostatic axis location at the 4th intercostal space in the midaxillary line
Preload degree of stretch of the cardiac muscle fibers at the end of diastole
Pulmonary vascular bed capillary network surrounding the alveoli
Refractory heart failure heart failure that persists despite maximum medical therapy
Right-sided heart failure condition that occurs when the right ventricle fails to completely eject its diastolic filling volume
Surgical ventricular restoration (SVR) procedure that decreases the size of the heart to a near-normal size and shape by removing dysfunctional heart muscle that does not contract properly
Total artificial heart electrically powered pump that circulates blood into the pulmonary vessels and the aorta thus replacing the functions of the ventricles
Tripod position sitting position in which the client leans on several pillows on the overbed table -orthopneic position
Ventricular assist device auxiliary heart pump that supplements the heart's ability to eject blood
Ventricular remodeling change in the size, shape, structure, and physiology of the heart after myocardial injury
Annuloplasty surgical repair of the mitral valve leaflets and their fibrous ring
Cardiac index calculation that reflects the cardiac output in relation to a particular client's body size
Cardiac tamponade compression of the heart with blood that accumulates within the pericardium
Cardioplegia intentional stopping of the heart for a surgical procedure
Cardiopulmonary bypass technique in which blood is mechanically circulated and oxygenated outside the body
Central venous pressure pressure produced by venous blood in the right atrium
Commissurotomy surgical procedure in which adhesions are opened in the cardiac valve cusps
Coronary artery bypass graft surgical procedure that improves myocardial oxygenation by bypassing or detouring around the occluded portion of one or more coronary arteries with a relocated blood vessel from a healthy leg vein or chest artery
Drug-eluting stent scaffolding device that keeps a coronary artery open and releases a drug that prevents reocclusion
Embolectomy surgical removal of an embolus
Endarterectomy surgical removal of the atherosclerotic plaque lining an artery
Extracorporeal circulation technique in which blood is mechanically circulated and oxygenated outside the body
Hemodynamic monitoring procedure used to assess the volume and pressure of blood within the heart and vascular system by means of a peripherally inserted catheter
Hybrid revascularization combination of minimally invasive coronary artery bypass as well as percutaneous balloon angioplasty with placement of a stent for multi vessel disease
Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure retrograde pressure from the fluid on the left side of the heart at the end of left ventricular diastole
Myocardial revascularization surgical procedure that improves the delivery of oxygenated blood to the myocardium by using one or more coronary artery bypass grafts
Nomogram chart that calculates body surface area on the basis of height and weight
Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure retrograde pressure from the fluid on the left side of the heart at the end of left ventricular diastole
Thrombectomy surgical removal of a thrombus
Valvuloplasty surgical procedure in which an incompetent cardiac valve is repaired
Hemoptysis expectoration of blood or bloody sputum
Created by: ahoyyitbeaddi
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