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Electricity Review
4th Grade Electricity and Magnetism
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| electricity | a form of energy that involves the flow of electrical charges |
| what is all matter made up of? | small particles WITH an electric charge |
| electric circuit | a pathway which electric current can flow |
| electric current | a continuous flow of negative charges |
| static electricity | - the buildup of electric charges from friction - occurs when electrical charges build up on the surface of an object |
| current electricity | - the negative charges have continuous movement through a material - The form of energy in the appliances in your home |
| what type of charge can move from object to object? | a negative charge |
| closed circuit | allows electricity to flow |
| open circuit | does not allow electricity to flow |
| switch | a device that opens and closes a circuit |
| conductors | allow electricity to pass through easily ex: metals |
| insulator | does not allow electricity to move easily through them |
| electric charges | can be positive (protons) or negative (electrons) must flow to be useful |
| electrons | negative charges (-) sign can move from one material to another |
| protons | positive charges (+) sign |
| neutrons | no charge neutral |
| unlike charges | attract - toward each other |
| like charges | repel - away from each other |
| series circuit | one that has a single path for current to follow. They are all connected in one loop. |
| parallel circuit | has more then one path for electric current to follow. The circuits in your home are these. |
| magnet | an object that attracts certain metals |
| magnetism | the pushing or pulling force caused by a magnet |
| magnetic field | the area around a magnet where the force of the magnet can act |
| poles | ends of the magnet (north and south) |
| where is magnetism the strongest on a magnet? | at its poles |
| electromagnet | a temporary magnet that forms when electric current flows through a wire coiled around certain metal cores |
| generator | - produces electricity by using a coil of wire and a magnet - a device that changes energy of motion into electrical energy. |
| 2 ways magnets can be used to produce electricity | 1. by moving a magnet through a coil of wire 2. by moving a coil of wire through a magnetic field |
| lightning | A form of static electricity |
| chemical | Batteries contain this type of energy |
| filament | as electricity passes through it gets so hot that it lights up |
Created by:
aherbell
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