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History of Education
Chaptger - 10 Spectrum
Lord Macaulay's Minute Year | 1835 |
Content of Macaulay's Minute | Favored Anglicist - Teach western sciences and literature through the medium of English language alone. |
Downward Filtration Theory - | Part of Macaulay's Minute - To create a class who are Indians in blood and colour but English in tastes, opinions, moral and intellect. (TOMI - DOG). They will act as interpreters between vernaculars and government. |
James Thomson | Lieutenant Governor of NW Provinces (1843-53) |
Efforts of James Thomson | Village School for education through vernacular languages Mensuration and agricultural science - To train personnel for PWD |
Wood's Desptach Year | 1854 |
Contents of Wood's Despatch | Magna Carts of English Education in India 1st Comprehensive plan for education spread in India Ask GoI to take responsibility of mass education Repudiated Down-filtration Theory Hierarchical Education |
Wood's Despatch Hierarchy | 1. Vernacular primary schools at Villages 2. Anglo-Vernacular High School 3. Affiliated college at District 4. Affiliating Universities in Presidency Town - Calcutta, Bombay, Madras |
Wood's Dispatch Other Recco | 1. English medium at high level 2. Local languages at lower levels 3. Female Education 4. Vocation Education 5. Teachers training 6. Secular education 7. Encourage private school through grants |
Effects of Wood's Dispatch | 1. 1857 - Calcutta, Bombay, Madras Universities 2. Dept of Edu set up in all provicnes 3. Bethune School 4. PUSA Agri University, Bihar 5. Roorkee Engg College |
JED Bethune | Set up Bethune school for women at Calcutta in 1849 President of Council of Education Girl's school brought under government's grants - in aid and inspection system |
Hunter Education Commission Year | 1882 - 1883 |
Hunter Recos | 1. Mostly confined to Primary and Secondary Education 2. W W Hunter Commission to review progress of education in the country since 1854 Despatch 3. Primary should be Vernacular To transfer control of primary schools to district / municipal boards |
Hunter Recos 2 | 4. To have two divisions in Secondary Edu a. Literary - leading to univ b. Vocation - for jobs 5.Female Education |
Effect of Hunter Education Commission | Rapid expansion of secondary education and college education Teaching - cum - Examining Universities - e..g. - Punjab Univ (1882) and Allahabad Univ (1887) |
1902 - Raleigh Commission Indian Universities Act 1904 | Official view - Private management bad Focused on Universities No report on Primary and Secondary Education Indian Universities Act 1904 |
RC reco | University should go into research Number of Fellows reduced Fellows to be nominated by Govt Government powers increased vis-a-vis Univ Stricter Condition for Pvt Rs.5 Lakh for 5 Years / annum for education Gokhale - "Retrograde measure" |
Education Policy 1913 | 1906 - Baroda Princely state compulsory primary education 1913 - British Accepted the policy of removal of illiteracy Urged provincial governments to take early steps to provide free elementary education Pvt encouraged Per province University |
Saddler Commission 1917-1919 | To study and report on Calcutta University Problems |