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Structure & Texture
Core structure and texture terminology for Music 1 students.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| binary | two different sections of music, labelled A and B |
| ternary | three sections – two different sections and then a return of the first section (eg. Twinkle, Twinkle), labelled A B A |
| strophic | a series of verses (no choruses); same music, different words each stanza, can have an instrumental, used in folk music |
| theme and variations | a melody (theme) is presented, followed by a series of variations of that melody, used in classical music |
| 12 bar blues | series of 12 chords used in jazz and blues: I I I I, IV IV I I, V IV I I |
| repetition | a melody/rhythm/phrase is repeated (exactly) |
| imitation | a melody or fragment of a melody is ‘copied’ by another instrument |
| call and response | a melody or fragment of a melody is played by one instrument/group and is then ‘answered’ with something different by another instrument/group – this is done a few times |
| fill | a phrase is completed by a different instrument (eg. the lyrics finish before the end of the phrase, the phrase is then completed by a small solo on a guitar) – this is different to call and response |
| coda | closing section of a piece, repeating part of something played earlier |
| verse | same music, different lyrics |
| chorus | same music, same lyrics |
| bridge | different music, different lyrics |
| instrumental | no lyrics, melody by an instrument |
| introduction | (if present) always at the beginning, can be instrumental |
| outro | (if present) always at the end, repeats part of something played earlier (usually the chorus), can fade out |
| monophonic | a single layer of sound (this does not mean ‘one instrument’) |
| homophonic | a melody with accompaniment |
| polyphonic | two or more equally important melodies played simultaneously (easiest to identify when there are lyrics) |
| unison | two or more instruments playing exactly the same part (although they can be an octave/s apart) |
| rhythmic unison | two or more instruments playing different notes but exactly the same rhythm |
| staggered entry | instrument/s entering one (or a few) at a time |
Created by:
mhigham
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