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Scientific Terms
Dictionary of scientific terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Autotroph | An organism that makes its own food commonly through photo synthesis. Eg: Sunflower |
| Chemotroph | Can be heterotrophs or autotrophs, get nutrition by breaking down unorganic matter and does not need sunlight. Often found on ocean floor. Eg: Some bacterias. |
| Heterotroph | Organisms that cannot make their own energy, must consume organic material. Eg: Humans |
| Eukaryotes | Mostly multicellular (made of more than one cell) and always contains a membrane bound nucleus, membrane bound organelles. Eg: Plants, animals and protists |
| Prokaryotes | Unicellular (only one cell), No nucleus, no membrane bound organelles, only few organelles.Eg: Bacteria, archea. |
| Benthic | Lives on and moves around bottom of bodies of water like oceans. Eg: Macrobenthos and lobsters |
| Pelagic | swims and moves in bodies of water. Eg: Fish |
| Ectothermic | Cold blooded. Eg: Snake |
| Sessile | Immobile and joined to something. Eg: Mussel |
| Endothermic | Warm blooded. Eg: Tiger |
| Assymetrical | No symmetry from any angle. Eg: Brain coral |
| Bilateral Symmetry | When a being has only one axis of symmetry, with two symmetrical sides. Eg: Butterfly |
| Metamorphosis | The process of a being maturing into an adult. Only amphibians and insects undergo this process. Eg: tadpoles to frogs |
| Radial Symmetry | Symmetry through a centeral axis. Eg: Starfish |
| Vertebrate | An animal with a backbone. |
| Colonial | Animals that live in groups, very close or are attached to each other. Eg: Ants |
| Solitary | An animal that lives seperately from other animals. Eg: Snakes |
| Symbiosis | Organisms that are not similar but have a close relationship, are in a symbiotic relationship. |
| Mutualism | A type of symbiosis where both beings benefit. (+ & +). Eg: Flowers and bees, flowers get pollinated and bees get pollen. |
| Commensalism | A type of symbiosis where one being gets a positive effect and the other is not affected negatively or positively. (+ & o). Eg: Tree frogs use plants for protection |
| Parsitism | A type of symbiosis which is positive for one organism and detrimental for the other organism. (+ & -). Eg: Headlice and humans. Headlice get nutrients from blood and humans suffer. |
| Competitors | Two species that live in the same habitat, eat the same food and need the same resources are competitors. |
| Producers | An organism that produces its own food. Eg: Plants(through photosynthesis) and algae. |
| Primary Consumers | Primary consumers are herbivores that eat plants / algae and other producers in a food chain. Eg: Grasshopper |
| Secondary Consumers | Eat the herbivores in a food chain. Eg: Frog |
| Tertiary Consumers | Eat the secondary consumers in a food chain. Eg: Snake |
| Apex Predators | Top of the food chain and has no natural predators. Eg: Owl |
| Poriferas | One of the invertebrate pylum. Have no tissues. Very simple animals. Eg: Sea sponge |
| Cnidarians | One of the invertebrate pylum. Live in water. All cnidarians have stinging cell. Eg: Coral and jellyfish |
| Echinoderms | One of the invertebrate pylum. Live only in marine enviroments. All have lumpy skin Eg: Starfish |
| Annelids | One of the invertebrate pylum. Includes all species of worms and organisms alike without backbones. Eg: Leaches and earthworms |
| Molluscs | One of the invertebrate pylum. Have soft bodies, often have protective cover. Eg: Snails, octopus |
| Arthropods | One of the invertebrate pylum. Needs to have an exoskeloten. Eg: Bumblebee, spider, crabs |
| Binary Fission | The process bacteria use to reproduce, by creating an identical copy of themselves. |
| Biodiversity | The variety of organisms in the world or in a particular habitat, a high level of which is usually considered to be important and desirable. |
| Chordates | An organism that has a notochord for atleast part of its life |
| Organism | Anything which is living |
| Biologist | A scientist who studies living things Biologists study how living things grow, survive, interact and evolve. |
| Linnean classification | The scientific system used worldwide to classify organisms This system classifies organisms into kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species. |
| Scientific name | The name for a species used by scientists around the world The scientific name of an organism includes the genus and species., in italics (or underlined when hand written), with a capital for the genus |
| Biotic Factors | The living factors of the enviroment like fungi, bacteria and animals |
| Abiotic Factors | The non living factors of the enviroment like air, water and light |
| The 6 Kingdoms | PPFAAB (plantae, protista, animalia, fungi, archaea, bacteria) |
| MRS GREN | Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproducuction, Excretion, Nutrition. |
| The Inverebrate Phylum | Molluscs, Annelids, Arthropods, Cnidarians, Porifera,Endotherms |
| Adaptation | Characteristic developed to help an animal to survive/reproduce |
| Food Web | All the mixed food chains in an ecosystem |
| Ecosystems | A system formed by organisms |
| True Tissue | Group of cells working together for the same function. Eg: legs |
| Anaerobic | Doesn't need oxygen |
| Aerobic | Needs oxygen |
Created by:
elaina.roy
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