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Life Science
ch. 18 vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| active immunity | The ability of our immune system to recognize the same pathogen forever, following an infection. |
| alveolus | Structure in the lungs where gas exchange occurs; the functional unit of the lung. |
| antibodies | Proteins that are made in response to an infection that stick to a pathogen and target it for removal. |
| aortic valve | Structure that separates the left ventricle from the aorta. |
| autoimmune disease | Disease that occurs when the immune system is stimulated to attack person's own body. |
| biconcave disc | Name given to the shape of red blood cells; disc shaped, but each side of the cell is "pushed in." |
| Blood | a connective tissue comprised of a mixture of liquid called plasma in which blood cells are suspended |
| blood pressure | The pressure that forms in the blood vessels as a result of the pumping action of the heart |
| Bronchi | 2 main branches of the trachea one which carries air to the right line and the other 2 the left lung |
| Chemical barriers | Chemicals found mainly in the fluids of the eyes mouth and stomach to prevent pathogens from entering the body |
| Chyme | An acidic paste the stomach churns food into |
| Circulatory system | System to move oxygen hormones and nutrients to the tissues/organs in to move carbon dioxide waste from tissues/organs |
| Dialysis | An artificial way to filter the blood for patients with kidney failure |
| epiglottis | A rigid flap of tissue at the top of the entry into the lungs that keeps food or liquid from entering them |
| erythrocytes | red blood cells |
| Esophagus | A muscular tube that squeezes food down to the stomach from the mouth |
| GI tract | the digestive system |
| Hemoglobin | in iron containing molecule that binds to oxygen and carries it to the tissues |
| immune system | A complex system which protects us from infectious organisms. |
| Inflammatory reaction | process for chemicals are released around the area where an infection is which causes swelling and redness |
| kidney failure | Kidneys that are unable to properly filter the blood |
| leukocytes | infection-fighting white blood cells |
| microvilli | foldings of tissue on the surface of villi |
| Mitral valve | structure that separates the left atrium from the left ventricle |
| Nephron | functional unit of the kidney |
| nutrients | Substances gained from the food we eat and the liquids we drink which humans need a variety of to live. |
| pathogens | organisms that can cause infection. |
| peristalsis | a wave of smooth muscle contraction that pushes food along the GI tract. |
| physical barriers | Skin and cilia that are in place to keep pathogens from entering the body. |
| plasma | Liquid component of blood that contains red blood cells. |
| pulmonic valve | Structure that separates the right ventricle from the pulmonary artery. |
| pulse | Rhythmic bulging fo the arteries caused by the pumping of the left ventricle. |
| red blood cells | The cells responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and some carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs. |
| respiratory rate | The number of times a person needs to breathe per minute. |
| salivary glands | Glands located around the jaw, which begin the process of chemical digestion by secreting saliva into the mouth. |
| sinoatrial node | A bundle of tissue in the right atrium where each impulse for the heart to beat begins. |
| tricuspid valve | Structure that separates the right atrium from the right ventricle. |
| villi | Folding of tissue that line small intestine for absorb vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, amino acids, and lipids. |
| vocal cords | Two folds of skin on either side of the voice box which generate the sound of our voices. |
Created by:
kaisnead
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