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Sboggs
Degenerative Chnages in Aging
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Accumulated mutation theory | Developmental theory of aging suggesting that genes that determine survival at younger ages have greater influence than genes expressed at older ages |
| Antagonistic pleiotropy theory | Developmental theory of aging suggesting that genes may have beneficial effects during early life, but harmful effects as the individual ages |
| Calcitonin | Hormone promoting the deposition of calcium and phosphate in bone; produced primarily by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland, with other sources including the parathyroid and thymus glands |
| Cellular senescence | Developmental theory suggesting that aging is caused by an intrinsic loss of the capacity of the cell to proliferate, triggered by a critical loss of telomere |
| Chondrocalcinosis | Calcification of cartilage |
| Developmental theories | Theory implicating the influence of genetics as the major determinant of aging |
| Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) | Specialized, low-level radiographic technique used to measure bone density |
| Error theory | |
| Free radical theory | Stochastic theory of aging suggesting that intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to the final determination of life span |
| Immune senescence | Progressive dysfunction of the immune system associated with aging; characterized by both diminished and enhanced immune responses |
| Immunologic theory of aging | Developmental theory of aging associated with reduced resistance to disease secondary to reduced T-cell function and enhanced autoimmune reponses |
| Kyphosis | Exaggerated anterior concave curvature of the thoracic spine associated with osteoporosis |
| Life expectancy | The age at which 50% of a given population is expected to survive |
| Lipofuscin | Fatty brown lipid pigment; intracellular deposition causing stiffening or rigidity of cellular structure |
| Menopausal bone loss | Rapid phase of bone loss in women after menopause |
| Neurofibrillary tangles | Twisted, helical structure of accumulated proteins, primarily including tau; commonly associated with Alzheimer’s disease |
| Neuroendocrine theory | Developmental theory of aging suggesting that the interrelationship between neurons and associated hormones serves as the stimulus for aging |
| Osteopenia | Reduced calcification or skeletal bone mass; precursor to osteoporosis |
| Osteoporosis | Condition characterized by decreased bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue; associated with increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture |
| Sarcopenia | Loss of skeletal muscle associated with aging |
| Senescence | Postmaturational processes that lead to diminished homeostasis and increased vulnerability; used interchangeable with aging |
| Senescent bone loss | Slower loss phase that affects both men and women; associated with aging |
| Senile plaque | Accumulations of proteins surrounding deposits of B-amyloid protein |
| Somatic mutation theory | Stochastic theory of aging suggesting that the aging process is caused by impaired DNA repair, antioxidant defense, or errors in protein expression |
| Stochastic theory | Theory positing that aging is the result of cumulative cellular damage |
Created by:
sboggs2398
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