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Life Science
Chapter 17 Chapter Points and Q's
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The ___________________ system is the super controller of the body. | The nervous system is the super controller of the body. |
| Humans are unique mainly because of the structure and function of our ___________________. | Humans are unique mainly because of the structure and function of our brains. |
| The basic functional unit of the nervous system is the ___________________. | The basic functional unit of the nervous system is the neuron. |
| The nervous system components are the ___________________, ___________________, and ___________________. | The nervous system components are the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. |
| The nervous system is divided into the ___________________ and the ___________________. | The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). |
| The CNS includes the ___________________ and the ___________________. | The CNS includes the brain and the spinal cord. |
| The PNS includes the ___________________ and ___________________. | The PNS includes the motor and sensory nerves. |
| ___________________, ___________________, ___________________, and ___________________ function as special extensions of the nervous system. | Ears, eyes, nose, and tongue function as special extensions of the nervous system. |
| The ___________________ system functions with the nervous system to chemically control bodily functions through ___________________. | The endocrine system functions with the nervous system to chemically control bodily functions through hormones. |
| ___________________ and ___________________ are examples of endocrine diseases. | Diabetes mellitus type I and hypothyroidism are examples of endocrine diseases. |
| ___________________ is the protective covering fo the body; it is formed in two layers--the dermis and epidermis. | Skin is the protective covering fo the body; it is formed in two layers--the dermis and epidermis. |
| There are three types of muscle cells--___________________, ___________________, and ___________________. Their function is to move some part of the body in some way. | There are three types of muscle cells--skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Their function is to move some part of the body in some way. |
| ___________________ attach muscles to bones. | Tendons attach muscles to bones. |
| ___________________ cross at least one joint and move the joint they cross. | Muscles cross at least one joint and move the joint they cross. |
| The function of the ___________________ system is to keep us upright and protect vital organs. | The function of the skeletal system is to keep us upright and protect vital organs. |
| ___________________ is composed of an outer layer, called ___________________, and an inner layer, called ___________________. | Bone is composed of an outer layer, called compact bone, and an inner layer, called spongy bone. |
| ___________________ hold bones together where they beet to form joints. | Ligaments hold bones together where they meet to form joints. |
| There are many different types of ___________________ in the human body. | There are many different types of joints in the human body. |
| What general function(s) does the nervous system perform? | The nervous system controls everything that occurs in our bodies. |
| What is the basic functional unit of the nervous system? | The basic functional unit of the nervous system is the neuron (or nerve cell). |
| ___________________ carry impulses (information) to the cell body and ___________________ carry impulses (information) away from the cell body. | Dendrites carry impulses (information) to the cell body and axons carry impulses (information) away from the cell body. |
| ___________________ nerves make you feel taste, see, hear, or smell something; ___________________ nerves carry the impulses to make muscle contract; and ___________________ are nerves that connect other nerves together. | Sensory nerves make you feel taste, see, hear, or smell something; motor nerves carry the impulses to make muscle contract; and interneurons are nerves that connect other nerves together. |
| What is a peripheral nerve composed of? | A peripheral nerve is composed of bundles of axons all grouped together to form one larger nerve. |
| The ___________________ nervous system is composed of sensory and motor axons bundled together, and the ___________________ nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord. | The peripheral nervous system is composed of sensory and motor axons bundled together, and the central nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord. |
| What are the protective tissues surrounding the CNS called? | The protective tissues surround the CNS are called meninges. |
| What is larger, the human cerebrum or cerebellum? | The human cerebrum is larger than the cerebellum. |
| What area of the brain is concerned with hearing? | The temporal lobes are the areas of the brain concerned with hearing. |
| What area of the brain is concerned with vision? | The occipital lobes process vision. |
| Where is grey matter located in the brain, and why does it look grey? | Grey matter is located in the periphery of he brain, or the outer layer of brain tissue. it looks grey because it contains cell bodies and not myelin. |
| What three nerves compose a reflex arc? | A reflex arc is composed of a sensory nerve, an interneuron, and a motor nerve. |
| Describe how the sense of hearing works. | Sound enters the ear through the auditory canal and hits the tympanic membrane (ear drum), causing it to vibrate. As the tympanic membrane vibrates, the middle ear bones connected to the tympanic membrane also vibrate. |
| True or False? Rods are responsible for processing color. | False. Rods are responsible for sensing light. Cones are responsible for processing color. |
| If you are a beam of light passing into someones eye, describe the order you would pass through the following structures: vitreous, cornea, lens, pupil, and retina. | Cornea, pupil, lens, vitreous, retina. |
| What is a target tissue? | A target tissue is the tissue a hormone acts upon. |
| What is a receptor? | A receptor is a molecule on the surface of a target tissue to which a hormone binds. |
| True or False? The hypothalamus, pituitary, pancreas, thyroid, and adrenal glands are all part of the endocrine system. | True. |
| Which layer of skin is lower, the dermis or the epidermis? | The dermis is lower than the epidermis. |
| True or False? The epidermis contains a layer of living cells that divide to replace an upper layer of dead cells. | True. |
| What is keratin? | Keratin is the tough protein that makes up a large part of epithelial (skin) cells. |
| What are the three muscle cell types? | The three muscle cell types are cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, and smooth muscle. |
| What is a tendon? | A tendon connects a muscle to a bone. |
| True or False? Joints usually have one set of muscles on one side that move the joint in one way and another set of muscles on the other side of the joint to move it the opposite way. | True. |
| Where is the radius--in the am or the leg? | The radius is a bone in the arm (the forearm). |
| Where is bone marrow located and what does it do? | Bone marrow is located in the hollow cavity of bone. it makes blood cells; specifically, red blood cells and white blood cells. |
| How do blood vessels move through bone? | Blood vessels pass through bones via small canals in the bone. |
| What is an osteocyte? | An osteocyte is a bone cell. |
| What is a ligament? | A ligament is a type of connective tissue that holds one bone to another where the bones meet to form a joint. |
| Which joint has more movement, a ball and socket joint or a hinge joint? | A ball and socket joint has more movement than a hinge joint. |
| Describe how the sense of hearing works (continued) | The middle ear bones are also connected to the cochlea. The middle ear bones vibrate, and the cochlea does too. The vibrations within the cochlea causes the cochlear fluid to move, which moves cilia that and sends impulses to the brain. |
Created by:
kaisnead
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