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Weather/ Climate
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| altitude | the elevation above sea level |
| anemometer | an instrument used to measure wind speed |
| atmospheric scientist | scientist who studies the atmosphere |
| humidity | the amount of water vapor in the air |
| front | a boundary where a mass of air meets another air mass of a different temperature |
| ocean current | regular movements of large amounts of water in the ocean |
| precipitation | the movement of water, in solid or liquid form, from the atmosphere back to the surface of the earth. Rain, sleet, snow, hail are examples |
| prevailing wind | the most common wind direction for a region. On earth, the direction of the prevailing winds are related to the latitude of the region, the angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator |
| weather | the condition of the atmosphere, including temperature, precipitation, and cloud cover, in a particular time and place |
| climate | the average weather in a place over a long time, generally 30 year patterns |
| Latitude | a measure of the distance from the equator |
| If the wind starts out over water, ______________________? | the wind carries more water |
| If winds begin over land, _________________________? | the air mass is dryer |
| Cool air holds less _______________? | moisture |
| A mountain is a barrier that pushes the air upward, and this causes the air to_______. | cool |
| rain shadow effect | deserts often are found on the leeward side (the side away from the wind) of mountains |
| Warm ocean currents, like the Gulf Stream ______________________________________. | move heat from near the equator to the colder north |
| Temperature | measured in either degrees Fahrenheit or degrees Celsius |
| slight breeze | wind that just makes the leaves rustle |
| gentle breeze | Wind that moves leaves and twigs |
| strong breeze | Wind that makes the branches sway |
| moderate gale | When whole trees move from wind |
| hurricane | a severe tropical storm that has winds exceeding 110 km per hour that rotate at a calm center |
| hydrologist | scientist who studies the distribution and movement of water |
| weather vane | measures wind direction |
| barometer | a tool that measures air pressure |
| high pressure system | essentially a clockwise flow of dry, sinking air that typically builds into a region behind a departing storm system |
| cold front | the boundary of an advancing mass of cold air, in particular the trailing edge of the warm sector of a low-pressure system |
| warm front | the boundary of an advancing mass of warm air, in particular the leading edge of the warm sector of a low-pressure system |
| stationary front | forms when a cold front or warm front stops moving. This happens when two masses of air are pushing against each other but neither is powerful enough to move the other |
| carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane | compounds that holds heat in our atmosphere |
| Humans burn a lot of fossil fuels such as coal and oil, for fuel and to generate electricity- This gives off a lot of ______________. | carbon dioxide |
| deforestation | As the world's need for lumber increases, we continue to cut down more trees than we replace- |
| Melting ice caps | could cause rising sea levels and coastal flooding |
| Climatologists | scientists who develop databases with historical information about the Earth's climate |
| models | used to predict the impact of global warming on the Earth |
Created by:
Benter's
Popular Earth Science sets