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Earth Science Ch. 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Milky way | Galaxy that the earth is in |
| Electromagnetic waves | The sun’s energy output is in this form, examples are visible light, x-rays, and radio waves |
| neutrinos | Tiny particles that apparently travel at the speed of light and can easily penetrate ordinary matter light-years in thickness |
| wavelength | Distance from the crest (top) of one wave to the crest of the next |
| spectroscope | Instrument used to identify specific colors (wavelengths) in light |
| spectrum | Wavelengths that compose the light from an object |
| Diffraction grating | A thin plate of glass or plastic used in spectroscopes; most modern spectroscopes have these to separate wavelengths |
| plasma | Superheated, ionized matter that cannot be classified as solid, liquid, or gas |
| ionized | Atoms that have lost or gained one or more electrons and thus carry an electrical charge |
| photosphere | The visible surface of the sun |
| granules | Seething, convective cells on the sun’s surface |
| sunspots | Small, dark areas on the surface of the sun |
| limb | Edge of sun we can see |
| umbra | Dark, inner portion of sunspot (shadow) |
| penumbra | Brighter outer portion of sunspot “almost shadow” |
| solar flares | Severe storms on the sun; a sudden energetic outburst of the sun’s matter that emits both rays and particles |
| radiation | X-rays and extreme ultraviolet rays that temporarily destroy portions of the ionosphere and thus disrupt a variety of ground-based radio communications |
| chromosphere | The lower layer of the sun’s atmosphere |
| corona | The outer region of the sun’s atmosphere |
| coronagraph | An instrument that produces a artificial eclipse of the sun |
| spicules | Pointed jets of plasma that appear to be like grasslike structures |
| solar wind | A flow of mostly protons and electrons from the sun; it is a continuation of the corona into space well beyond the orbit of Pluto |
| prominence | A stream of plasma that appear to rise into the corona from the chromosphere and then gradually fall back |
| core | Innermost section of the sun |
| radiative zone | The middle zone of the sun's interior where thermal energy moves outward from the core by radiation |
| convective zone | The outermost region of the sun’s interior |
| solar energy | Energy with the sun as the source |
| Photovoltaic Cells | Can convert radiant energy (especially light) directly to electricity |
Created by:
jrasmussenheritage
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