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LT 6a, 6b1, 6b2
Use these to study vocab for Energy, Matter and Relationships in ecosystems.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| commensalism | a relationship between organisms where one organism benefits and the other is unaffected (not helped or harmed) |
| parasitism | a relationship between organisms where one organism (the parasite) benefits and the other (host) is harmed |
| parasite | an organism that benefits at the expense of another organism (called a host - usually a different species) |
| host | an organism that is harmed by providing nourishment or shelter to a parasite. |
| mutualism | a relationship between organisms where both organisms benefit from the interaction |
| symbiosis | long term interactions between organisms of different species in an ecosystem (include commenalism, parasitism, and mutualism) |
| competition | an interaction between organisms where both organisms are harmed trying to gain access to a limited resource (food, shelter, mates) |
| resource | a substance or object in the environment required by an organism for normal growth, maintenance, and reproduction (food, shelter, mates) |
| predator | the organism hunting, killing, and eating a prey organism |
| prey | the organism being hunted, killed, and eaten by a predator |
| predation | an interaction where one organism (the predator) kills and eats another organism (the prey) |
| adaptation | any feature or behavior that allows an organism to better survive in its environment |
| food web | a model depicting the many food chains linked together to show the feeding relationships of organisms in an ecosystem |
| food chain | a linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another |
| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| autotroph | organisms that can produce their own food, using materials from inorganic sources (such as chemicals or the sun) |
| heterotroph | organisms that can not produce their own food and must consume other organisms in a food chain |
| producer | an organism that can make its own food - an autotroph |
| consumer | an organism that can not make its own food - a heterotroph |
| decomposer | organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms and wastes |
| herbivore | any organism that eats only plants |
| carnivore | an animal that eats a diet consisting mainly of meat, whether it comes from live animals (including insects) or dead ones |
| omnivore | an animal that eats either other animals or plants |
| scavenger | an organism that mostly consumes dead and decaying organisms |
| energy pyramid | a model that shows the flow of energy from one trophic, or feeding, level to the next in an ecosystem. |
| energy | the ability to do work |
| abiotic | anything non-living or never alive |
| biotic | anything alive, once alive, or that will be alive |
| photosynthesis | the process where plants use energy from the sun to convert water and carbon dioxide into food (glucose) and oxygen |
| cellular respiration | the process where living organisms convert food (glucose) and oxygen into water, carbon dioxide, and ATP energy |
| combustion | a reaction that releases energy |
| decomposition | the process of breaking down dead plant or animal tissue into smaller molecules that are available for use by the organisms of an ecosystem |
| carbon dioxide | one carbon atom bonded to two oxygen atoms - needed for photosynthesis; waste product of cellular respiration |
| oxygen | colorless, odorless, gaseous element - needed for cellular respiration; waste produce of photosynthesis |
| molecule | the smallest unit of an element or compound, made up of two or more atoms held together by strong chemical bond |
Created by:
mrsbrownsc
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