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Electrolyte balance
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| normal range of calcium | 8.4-10.6 MG/DL |
| normal range of calcium | 3.5-5.0 MEQ/L |
| normal range of magnesium | 1.3-2.1 MEQ/L |
| normal range of sodium | 135-145 MEQ/L |
| normal range of bicarbonate | 22-26 MEQ/L |
| normal range of phosphate | 2.7-4.5 MG/DL |
| hypernatremia symptoms | F flushed skin and fever R restless, irritable, anxious, confused I increased bp and fluid retention E edema D decreased urine output and dry mouth S skin flushed A agitation L low grade fever T thirst |
| Hyponatremia symptoms | S stupor/coma A anorexia (nausea and vomiting) L Lethargy T tendon reflexes ( decreased) L Limp muscles (weakness) O orthostatic hypotension S seizures/headache S stomach cramps |
| Hypocalcemia symptoms | C convulsions A arrhythmias T tetany S stridor and spasm |
| hypercalcemia causes | C calcium supplements H hyperparathyroidism I iatrogenic, immobilization P parathyroid hyperplasia A Alcohol N neoplasm |
| hypercalcemia symptoms | B bone pain A arrythmias C cardiac arrest K kidney stones M muscle weakness E excessive urination |
| hyperkalemia symptoms | M muscle cramps U urine abnormalities R respiratory distress D decreased cardiac contractility E ekg changes R reflexes |
| Hypokalemia symptoms | A alkalosis S shallow respirations I irritability C confusion and drowsiness W weakness and fatique A arrhythmias L lethargy T Thready pulse |
| Hyperphosphatemia symptoms | V vomitin A anorexia N nausea |
| causes of hypernatremia | M medications, meals O osmotic diuretics D diabetes insipidus E excessive water loss L low water intake |
Created by:
katt3y
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