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Spring Quiz 9
Masterbooks Intro to A&P Volume 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| digestion | the process by which the food we take in is converted to substances needed by our bodies |
| alimentary canal | long tube that extends from the mouth to the anus |
| mechanical digestion | the physical breaking down of food into smaller pieces |
| chemical digestion | when various digestive enzymes break food down into its more basic components |
| absorption | the breakdown products of chemical digestion move into the cells that line the lumen of the GI tract |
| elimination | indigestible material and other substances are removed as they reach the end of the GI tract |
| serosa | the outermost of the layers of the GI tract |
| peritoneum | double-layered serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity |
| bolus | a rounded ball of chewed food |
| hard palate | separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity |
| soft palate | moves during swallowing to seal off the nasal passage while food moves from the mouth into the esophagus |
| periodontal ligament | each tooth is secured in its socket by this complex and highly organized collection of connective tissue fibers |
| gingiva | the gums |
| gingivitis | as plaque builds up, it can cause this inflammation of the gums |
| plaque | made up of bits of food and other debris; bacteria love to live in it |
| endocrine gland | secretes its products directly into the bloodstream to be carried throughout the body |
| exocrine gland | secretes its product by means of a duct (a small tube) |
| parotitis | inflammation of one or both of the parotid glands |
| amylase | found in saliva; causes the breakdown of starch in our food into sugar |
| xerostomia | known as "dry mouth syndrome" |
| esophagus | a muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach |
| sphincter | a ring of muscle that guards the opening at the end of a tube |
| adventitia | the outer layer of the esophagus |
| aspiration | when food enters the airway |
| peristalsis | a series of coordinated movements of the muscles along the length of a tube, like the esophagus |
Created by:
larmstrong3
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