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CELL PARTS/FUNCTIONS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Plasma Membrane (aka outer layer cell membrane) | participates in growth,reproduction and communication regulating what can come in and out of the cell |
| Cytoplasm | Colloid that fills the cell from nuclear membrane to the plasma membrane. Site of many cell activities; Cytosol and Organelles are in it |
| Cytosol | Fluid portion of the cytoplasm; has water, enzymes, nutrients, and other substances. Site of chem reactions and nutrient storage |
| Microvilli | Short extensions of the plasma membrane. Absorbs materials into the cell |
| Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | Contains Ribosomes, transports, proteins and other materials. |
| Smooth endoplasmic reticulum | contains no ribosomes; participates in lipid synthesis |
| Ribosomes (made in the nucleolus) | Make proteins; attached to ER or in cytoplasm; composed of RNA and protein |
| Golgi apparatus | layers of membranes that pack and move proteins in or out of the cell |
| Mitochondria "power house" | large organelles with internal folded membranes; convert energy from nutrients into ATP |
| Nucleus | contains the chromosomes- hereditary structures that direct all cellular activities |
| Lysosomes | small sacs of digestive enzymes; that get rid of waste products |
| Nucleolus | small body in the nucleus makes ribosomes |
| Organelles | the parts of a cell with a particular function |
| Peroxisomes | membrane-enclosed organelles containing enzymes; breakdown harmful substances drugs/alcohol/ free radicals |
| Vesicles | barrel-shaped organelles; store/move materials into or out of the cell |
| Centrioles | Rod-shaped bodies (usually two)near the nucleus; Help separate the chromosomes during cell division |
| Cilia | short hairlike projections from the cell; moves fluid around the cell |
| Flagellum | long, whiplike extension from the cell; moves the cell |