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Nervous System
Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Regulation | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process |
| Irritability | ability that living organism have to respond to changes in their environment |
| Impulse | The signal that travels along the length of a nerve fiber and ends in the release of neurotransmitters |
| Stimulus | a detectable change in the physical or chemical structure of an organism's internal or external environment |
| Response | The effect of stimulation |
| Receptor | In cell biology, a structure on the surface of a cell (or inside a cell) that selectively receives and binds a specific substance |
| Neuron(s) | A cell of the nervous system. Neurons typically consist of a cell body, which contains a nucleus and receives incoming nerve impulses, and an axon, which carries impulses away from the cell body |
| Effector | a gland or muscle that becomes active in response to stimulation |
| Cell body | the nucleus-containing central part of a neuron exclusive of its axons and dendrites |
| Dendrites | the “hair” like structure in a neuron that receive signals |
| Convolution(s) | a mathematical operation on two functions (f and g) that produces a third function |
| Axon | Axon, also called nerve fiber, portion of a nerve cell (neuron) that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body |
| Reflex arc | nerve pathway in the body of humans and some animals that connects certain muscle groups to others |
| Cerebrum | the anterior and largest part of the brain that controls voluntary movements |
| Cerebellum | between the brainstem and the back of the cerebrum. It controls motor movements |
| Medulla oblongata | a long stem-like structure located in the brainstem |
| Central nervous system (CNS) | consists of the brain and spinal cord |
| Peripheral nervous system (PNS) | The portion of the nervous system that is outside the brain and spinal cord |
| Meninges | three membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord |
| Neurotransmitter(s) | A chemical substance that is produced and secreted by a neuron and then diffuses across a synapse |
Created by:
JaredLora
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