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7th Grade Chapter 5

Modern Genetics

QuestionAnswer
Multiple alleles three or more forms of a gene that codes for a single trait
Carrier is a person who has one recessive and one dominant allele for a trait
Genetic disorders are caused by DNA mutations or changes in chromosomes
Pedigree chart predicts the probability of a baby having a particular trait
Genetic disorders an abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes
Geneticists use a pedigree to trace the inheritance of traits in humans
A pedigree is a chart that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait
Karyotype a picture of the chromosomes in a cell
Cloning results in two organisms that are genetically identical
Genome all the DNA in one cell of an organism
Inbreeding the form of selective breeding that crosses parents with the same or similar sets of alleles
Genetic engineering the transfer of genes from one organism to another
An example of genetic engineering creating human insulin to treat people with diabetes
Sickle-cell disease a genetic disorder that results in abnormally shaped blood cells
Cystic Fibrosis a genetic disorder that causes the body to produce unusually thick mucus in the lungs and intestines
the purpose of the Human Genome Project to identify the DNA sequence of every gene in the human genome
Hemophilia is caused by a recessive allele on the X chromosome
The sex chromosomes of a male human are XY
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder in which an extra chromosome is added to a pair
Blood type is controlled by a gene with multiple alleles
The variations of skin color is controlled by many genes
Sex-linked traits are more common in males than in females because a recessive allele on the X chromosome will always produce the trait in a male
Many characteristics are affected by interactions between genes and the environment
Height is a human trait that can be altered by variations in the environment
Height in humans is controlled by at least four genes
To produce human proteins geneticists must know the DNA bases that codes for the protein
Created by: Mrs. Gordon
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