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TermDefinition
DNA Replication Process in which chromosomal DNA is copied before mitosis or meiosis.
Double Helix Shape of a DNA molecule formed when 2 twisted DNA strands are coiled into a spriglike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.
Nitrogen Base Carbon ring structure found in DNA or RNA that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen.
Codon Set of three Nitrogenous bases that represents an Amino Acid.
mRNA RNA that transports information from DNA in the nucleus to the cell's cytoplasm.
rRNA RNA that makes up the ribosomes.
Transcription Process in the cell nucleus where enzumes make an RNA copy of a DNA strand.
tRNA RNA that transports amino acids to the ribosomes to be assembled into proteins.
Translation Process of converting information in mRNA into a sequence of amino acids in a protein.
Chromosomal mutation Mutation that occurs at the chomosome level resulting in changes in the gene distribution to gametes during meiosis.
Frameshift mutation Mutation that occurs when a single base is added or deleted from DNA.
Mutagen Any agent that can cause a change in DNA.
Mutation Any change or random error in a DNA sequence.
Point Mutation Mutation in a DNA Sequence. Occurs from a change in a single base pair.
Clone Genetically Identical copies of an organism or gene.
Gene splicing In recombinant DNA technology, the rejoining of DNA fragments by vectors and other enzymes.
Genetic Engineering Method of cutting DNA fom one oganism and inserting the DNA fragment into a host oganism of the same or diffeent species.
Plasmid Small Ring of DNA found in a bacterial cell that is used as a biological factor.
Recombinant DNA DNA made by recombining fragments of DNA from different sources.
Restriction Enzyme DNA-cutting enzymes that can cut both strands of a DNA molecule at a specific nucleotide sequence.
Transgenic organism Organisms that contain functional recombinant DNA from a different organism.
Vector Means by which DNA from another species can be carried into the host cell.
Gene Therapy Insetion of nomal genes into human cells to correct genetic disorders.
Human Genome Map of the approximately 80,000 genes on 46 human chromosomes that when mapped and sequenced, may provide information on the treatment or cure of genetic disorders.
Linkage Map Genetic Map that shows the location of genes on a chromosome.
Created by: Matthew321
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