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Vitamins
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define vitaminosis | Any disease caused by the presence of (excess) vitamins |
| Define hypervitaminosis | is a condition of abnormally high storage levels of vitamins, which can lead to toxic symptoms. |
| List the 4 fat soluble vitamins and 5 characteristics of the fat soluble vitamins. | Vitamins A D E K see pg 6 of ATI book or pg 86 of nutrition book. |
| Give 2 other names for vitamin A (animal source and plant source) | retinol, beta carotene |
| List 2 major functions of vitamin A. | vision health, tissue strength, and growth, and embryonic development |
| List 4 major food sources of vitamin A. | fatty fish, orange/yellow fruits and veggies, dairy |
| Give the name for the disease if you have a deficiency of vitamin A. What are the signs and symptoms? | vision changes (xerophthalmia- dryness and hardening of the cornea), GI disturbances, and hyperkeratosis) |
| What is another name for vitamin D? | vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) |
| Why is vitamin D also called the sunshine vitamin? | Because the body has the potential to make all it needs if exposure to sunlight is optimal and liver and kidney functions are normal. |
| What are 2 major functions of vitamin D? | maintains serum calcium and phosphorus, and aids in bone development. |
| List 4 major food sources of vitamin D? | fish, fortified dairy products, egg yolks, sunlight |
| Give the name for the disease if you have a deficiency of vitamin D in children and adults. | rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. |
| Give another name for vitamin E. | Alpha-tocopherol |
| List 2 major functions of vitamin E. | protects vitamin A from oxidation and preserves lung and red blood cell membranes. |
| List 4 major food sources of vitamin E. | vegetable oils, grains, nuts, dark green veggies |
| Why is it hard for adults to have a deficiency of vitamin E? | Because vitamin E deficiency is rare and more likely to occur secondary to fat malabsorption syndromes, such as cystic fibrosis and short bowel syndrome, than from inadequate intake. |
| What is another name for vitamin K? | Phylloquinone (plants) and Menaquinones (animals) |
| List 1 major function of vitamin K. | Assists in blood clotting and bone maintenance. |
| Vitamin K is normally made in the intestines by the action of bacteria on feces. What situations and/or conditions could interfere with this? | Antibiotics kill the intestinal bacteria that synthesize vitamin K. |
| List 4 major food sources of vitamin K. | carrots, eggs, and dark green vegetables (spinach, broccoli, asparagus) |
| List the water soluble vitamins and 5 characteristics of the water soluble vitamins. | Vitamin c and B complex - Thiamin (B1), Riboflavin (B2), Niacin (B3), Pantothenic acid, Pyridoxine (B6), Folate, and Cobalamin (B12) |
| Give another name for vitamin B1. | Thiamin |
| List 2 major functions of vitamin B1. | muscle energy and energy metabolism |
| List 4 major food sources of vitamin B1. | meats, grains, legumes, enriched cereals |
| Give the name of the disease if you have a deficiency of vitamin B1. What are the signs and symptoms? | Beriberi/ signs and symptoms- headache, weight loss and fatigue |
| What is another name for vitamin B2? | Riboflavin |
| What are 2 major functions of vitamin B2? | Coenzyme in energy metabolism, aids in the conversion of tryptophan into niacin. |
| List 2 major food sources of vitamin B2. | milk, meats |
| Give the name for the disease if you have a deficiency of B2. | Cheilosis |
| Give another name for vitamin B3. | Niacin |
| List 2 major functions of vitamin B3. | energy and protein metabolism; cellular metabolism |
| List 4 major food sources of vitamin B3. | liver, nuts, legumes, milk |
| What is another name for vitamin C? | Ascorbic acid |
| List 4 major functions of vitamin C. | Antioxidant, tissue building, iron absorption, healing |
| List 4 major food sources of vitamin C. | citrus fruits, juices, broccoli, cauliflower, tomatoes |
| What is significant about the following vitamins: B6, B12, folic acid? | Deficiencies of vitamin B6 are uncommon but are usually accompanied by deficiencies of other B vitamins, folic acid and B12 |
Created by:
Jessica Venyke
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