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ch.11 DNA

DNA

QuestionAnswer
DNA replication process in which chromosomal DNA is copied before mitosis or meiosis
double helix shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a spring like structure and held togahter by hydrogen bonds between the bases
nitrogenouse base carbon ring structure found in DNA or RNA that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen;includes adenine guanine cytosine thymine and uricil
codon set of three nitrogenouse bases that represents an amino acid; order of nitrogenouse bases in mRNA determines rge type and order of amino acids in a protein
messenger RNA RNA that transports information from DNA in the nucleus to the cells cytoplasm
ribosomal RNA RNA that makes up the ribosome;clamps onto mRNA and uses its information to assemble amino acids in the correct order
transcription process in the cell nucleus where enzymes make an RNA copy of a DNA strand
transfer RNA RNA that transports amino acids to the ribosomes to be assembled into proteins
translation process of converting information in mRNA into a sequence of amino acids in a protein
chromosomal mutation mutation that occurs at the chromosome level resulting in changes in the gene disribution to gametes during meiosis; caused when parts of chromosomes break off or rejoin incorrectly
frameshift mutation mutation that occures when a single base is added or deleted from DNA; causes a shift in the reading of codons by one base
mutagen any agent that can cause that can cause a change in DNA; includes high-energy radiation chemicals or high temperitures
mutation any changeor random error in a DNA sequence
point mutation mutation in a DNA sequence; occures from a change in a single base pair
Created by: wmbiology
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