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Plate Tectonics Term

QuestionAnswer
Plate tectonics Theory that earth’s surface is broken into large, rigid pieces that move with respect to each other.
Continental drift Wegener’s hypothesis that suggests the continents are in constant motion on earth’s surface.
Convergent boundary the boundary between two plates that move toward each other.
Divergent boundary The boundary between two plates that move away from each other.
Transform boundary The boundary between two plates that slide past each other.
Subduction zone the area where one plate slides under another plate.
Compression The squeezing force at a convergent boundary.
Tension the pulling force at a divergent boundary
Shear parallel forces acting in opposite directions at a transform boundary.
Earthquake vibrations caused by the rupture and sudden movement of rocks along a break or a crack in earth's crust
Fault A crack or a fracture in earth's lithosphere along which movement occurs.
Mid-ocean ridge a long, narrow mountain range on the ocean floor; formed by magma at divergent plate boundaries.
Hot spot a location where volcanoes form far from plate boundaries.
Lava flow long stream of molten rock.
Volcanic ash tiny particles of pulverized volcanic rock and glass.
Caldera large depression formed when the top of a volcano collapses.
Weathering the mechanical and chemical processes that change earth's surface over time.
Erosion the movement of weathered material, or sediment, from one location to another.
Physical weathering the process of breaking down rocks and minerals without changing their compositions.
Chemical weathering the process that changes the composition of rocks and minerals due to exposure to the environment
Soil a mixture of weathered rock, rock fragments, decayed organic matter, water, and air
Sediment rock material that forms when rocks are broken down into smaller pieces or dissolved in water as rocks erode.
Deposition the laying down or settling of eroded material.
Created by: dtuning
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