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Waves and light
Waves
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| what is a wave? | a disturbance that carries ENERGY from one location to another |
| 2 types of waves | mechanical and electromagnetic |
| mechanical wave | must travel through a solid, liquid or gas (sound, water, earthquake, slinky) |
| Electromagnetic wave | do NOT need to travel through a medium (light, microwaves, UV, x-ray) ALWAYS transverse |
| 2 types of mechanical | transverse and longitudinal |
| transverse wave | the energy runs perpendicular to the medium |
| longitudinal | energy runs parallel to the medium |
| frequency of wave | number of waves that pass a point in 1 second of time |
| longer wavelength has_____________________frequency | lower |
| shorter wavelength has_______________________frequency | higher |
| frequency measured in? | Hertz |
| reflection | bouncing back of a wave |
| light reflection | a smooth surface/plane mirrors reflects light to form clear image (looking in the mirror in the morning) |
| sound reflection | called an echo |
| refraction | waves change direction/bend when going from one medium to another due to a change in speed (a flower stem in a glass of water) |
| light going from the air through a lens. . . | is refracted in different directions and can change the size of the image |
| convex lens | refract the light IN to a focus point (flips the image upside down); the shape is bubbled out |
| concave lens | refracts the light OUT (glasses, magnifying glass) making the image smaller or bigger; the shape is caved in |
| structure of transverse wave | looks like an ocean wave |
| structure of longitudinal wave | looks like a stretched out slinky |
| crest | top point of wave |
| trough | bottom point of wave |
| wavelength | space between 2 crests or 2 troughs |
| amplitude | the space from the crest to the resting line or the trough to the resting line |
| resting line | the line that divides the wave |
| compression | the compressed/squished part of a longitudinal wave |
| rarefaction | the stretched out part of the L wave |
| wavelength of L wave | is measured from compression to compression or rarefaction to rarefaction |
| transmission | a wave passing through a medium |
| transparent | most(almost all) light waves pass through. ex: glass window |
| translucent | some light waves pass through. ex: frosted glass |
| opaque | no light waves pass through. ex: wall |
| absorption | objects absorb any wavelength and become warmer |
| wave interference | the result of 2 waves traveling along the same medium |
| constructive | when the crest of 2 waves line up, the energy is combined, making a bigger wave (2 flashlights makes a brighter light) |
| destructive | when the crest and trough of 2 waves line up, the energy is reduced, cancelling each other out (noise cancelling headphones) |
| what kind of wave is light? | electromagnetic and its shape is transverse |
| George tries to hit a penny with a stick at the bottom of the wishing pond, but misses. What is this an example of? | refraction |
| A black bbq has been sitting in the sun all day, and is really hot. What is this an example of? | absorption |
Created by:
lvanbuskirk
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