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Energy Transfer/Flow
7.5B, 7.7A Energy Transformations & Flow Through Ecosystems
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| FOOD CHAIN | Energy path from 1 organism to another showing a linked series; feeds on the 1 next to it in the series. |
| FOOD WEB | Overlapping food chains with different pathways for the flow of food energy in an ecosystem. |
| OMNIVORE | Kind of animal that eats both animals & plants; some will hunt & eat their food, others are scavengers & will eat dead matter; "OMNI-" = ALL. |
| DETRITAL FOOD WEB | Starts with chemical energy stored in organic debris or waste from other food webs; energy flows from debris directly to decomposers that break down organic matter, which becomes food & energy for larger consumers, & then to decomposers; "DETRI-" = WEAR AWAY. |
| PRODUCER | Organisms that transform energy from the Sun & use carbon dioxide & water to make food. |
| CONSUMER | Organisms that feed on other organisms in a food chain. |
| HERBIVORE | Animals that only eat plants or plant products; "HERB-" = PLANT. |
| CARNIVORE | Animals that eat other animals; "CARN-" = MEAT. |
| PRIMARY CONSUMERS | Organisms that get their energy by feeding on producers in the food chain. |
| SECONDARY CONSUMERS | Organisms that get their energy by feeding on primary consumers (herbivores) in the food chain. |
| TERTIARY CONSUMERS | Organisms that get their energy by eating secondary consumers. |
| DECOMPOSERS | Organisms such as bacteria and fungi that break down the remains of dead plants & animals, without need for internal digestion. |
| TROPHIC LEVEL | Any class of organisms occupying the same position in a food chain, such as primary consumers or secondary consumers; "TROPH-" = NOURISH. |
| ENERGY PYRAMID | Shows how much energy transfers to the next trophic level in a food chain. |
| ECOSYSTEM | System consisting of all of the interactions that occur between the abiotic & biotic factors within an environment; "ECO-" = NATURE. |
| ENERGY TRANSFORMATION | Change of energy from 1 form to another. |
| CHEMICAL ENERGY | Energy stored in chemical bonds & released through chemical reactions. |
| DIGESTION | Process of breaking down food into component molecules that can be absorbed into the body & used for energy & nutrients. |
| MECHANICAL ENERGY | Sum of the potential & kinetic energy of an object. |
| THERMAL ENERGY | Total kinetic (motion) energy of tiny particles that make up matter - the faster the particles move, the warmer the matter becomes. |
| HEAT | Energy transferred between 2 objects of different temperatures, moving continually in a predictable pattern from warmer site to cooler site until all sites have reached the same temperature. |
Created by:
trauberk
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