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Honors bio test

Phylum Chordata

QuestionAnswer
Phylum Chordata: Charectaristics Dorsal notochord, dorsal tubular nerve chord, pharyngeal pouches
Pharyngeal pouches gill slits
axial skeleton vertibratal column, skull, ribs
appendicular skeleton pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle
instead of cold-blooded use the word ectothermic
instead of warm-blooded use the word endothermic
Phylum Chordata: Circulatory system Closed
Closed circulatory characteristics ventral heart, arteries, veins, capillaries
Phylum Chordata: Cycle of closed circulatory system heart -> arteries -> capillaries -> veins -> heart (atrium)
hemoglobin red, oxygenated carry pigment
chambers of the heart atrium, ventricles
how many chambers of the heart do fish have 2
how many chambers of the heart do reptiles have 3
how many chambers of the heart do birds and mamals have 4
what does the atrium do receives blood from body
what do the ventricles do pumps blood
Phylum Chordata: Nutrition cycle mouth -> esophagus -> stomach -> intestines -> anus
alimentary canal food tube that extends from mouth to anus
Phylum Chordata: Reproduction separate sexes ( ovaries and testis)
External fertilization must happen in water
Internal fertilization may happen in water or on land, may have a shell
oviporous young hatch when yolk is gone. (egg)
viviporous nurtured within the mothers womb (uterus), live birth
ovoviviporus live young, not nurtured directly by mothers womb (ex: seahorse)
ovi = egg
porous = to give birth to
vive = alive
placenta blood mother and young exchange materials
Phylum Chordata: response brain lobes and spinal chord
olfactory lobes anterior, smell
cerebrum memory, thinking, (controls voluntary)
optic lobe sight
cerebellum coordination (controls involuntary)
medulla oblingata impulses to & from spinal chord
where is the spinal chord dorsal to the vertebra
reflex automatic, involuntary response to a stimulus
instinct more elaborate response to a stimulus (Ex: Poison dart frogs moving each tadpole into their own pool of water, or migrating
Osteichthyes the bony fish
Osteichthyes: two chambered heart; single loop cycle heart -> gills -> body organs -> heart
Osteichthyes: Excretion kidney's, urinary bladder
Osteichthyes: responce brain, spinal chord, lateral line
Osteichthyes: lateral line senses movement in water
Osteichthyes: reproduction females: spawn , males: milt
Class Agnatha the jaw less fish (lampreys)
Class Agnatha: skeleton made entirely of cartilage
Class Chrondichthys the cartilaginous fish
Class Chrondichthys: examples sharks, rays, skates
Class Chrondichthys: sensory 2 large eggs, nostrils and olfactory structures, lateral line, sensitive to bio electrical signals
Class Chrondichthys: reproduction internal reproduction : claspers Oviparous
Class Amphibian: skin smooth, scales, chromatophores, several blood vessels
Class Amphibian: respitory gills (larva) --> lungs (adult) , skin, lining of mouth and throat
Class Amphibian: Frogs: amplexus physical pressure by the male which makes the females release her eggs
Class Amphibian: Fertilization External
Class Amphibian: circulatory 3 chambered heart ( 2 atria, 1 ventricle )
Class Amphibian: Frogs: Nictitating membrane 3 eyelids
Class Amphibian: metamorphosis gills --> lungs 2 chambered heart --> 3 chambered heart digestive system changes
Class Amphibian: 2 important facts tied to water, double life
Class Amphibian: cloaca common passageway for the digestive, excretory, & reproductive systems
Class Amphibian: Order Apoda "without foot" , ex: caecillinas
Class Amphibian: endothermic or exothermic? they are endothermic
Class Reptiles: skin dry, cool, leathery, the scales grow from the epidermis, keratin, usually molt
Class Reptiles: reproduction has internal fertilization
Class Reptiles: respiration and circulation 3 chambered heart, breath with lungs
how many chambers of the heart do amphibians have Larva : 2 , Adult : 3
Created by: nightworks
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