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Unit 2: Cells A

Cell Structure & Cell Specialization

TermDefinition
cell membrane thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves
centriole tiny structure located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope
chloroplast plant cell organelle that captures energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
chromatin granular material visible within the nucleus; DNA tightly coiled around proteins
chromosome threadlike structure in the nucleus containing genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next
cytoplasm material inside the cell membrane
cytoskeleton helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement
endoplasmic reticulum cell organelle where lipids are assembled
equilibrium when the concentration of a solute is the same throughout a solution
eukaryote organism whose cells contain nuclei
golgi apparatus cell organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins
lipid bilayer double-layered sheet that forms the core of nearly all cell membranes
lysosome cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell
mitochondrion cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food to compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
nuclear envelope layer of two membranes that surrounds the nucleus of a cell
nucleolus small, dense region within most nuclei in which the assembly of proteins begins
nucleus the cell structure that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA)
organ group of tissues that work together to perform closely related functions
organelle specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell
prokaryote single-celled organism lacking a nucleus
ribosome small particle in the cell on which proteins are assembled
tissue group of similar cells that perform a particular function
vacuole cell organelle that store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
Created by: sherrysliwa
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